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20E. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

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18890. Causes and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

This term paper is concerned with the occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in the adult population. The research paper covers the causes of OCD, cormorbidity of the disorder with other conditions, and the major approaches to treatment (cognitive-behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and surgical approaches). TAGS: OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder term paper, mental illness, etiology, psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy. APA Style. 16 pages, 60 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources. 3,710 words. 		  $112
 

18691. Addiction and Personality Disorder.

This paper discusses the co-occurrence of chemical dependency (dependency on alcohol or drugs) and personality disorders. The paper examines the ways the two conditions interact and the issues that have been raised in regard to the best approaches to treatment. It is concluded that the best approaches seem to be related to modified forms of cognitive behavioral therapy, such as dialectic behavior therapy (DBT), in which clients learn to use adaptive coping skills. However, even these approaches are flawed in certain ways and thus there is a need for further research on the topic. KEYWORDS: psychology dependency substance abuse personality disorder therapy comorbidity. APA Style. 10 pages, 31 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 2,518 words. 		  $70
 

18507. Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia.

This paper defines panic disorder with agoraphobia and considers its causes from the perspectives of the psychodynamic model and the cognitive-behavioral model. These models are applied to the case of a 32-year-old man in order to explain his situation and make treatment recommendations. It is argued that the cognitive-behavioral model provides the best approach to developing a treatment plan in this particular case. KEYWORDS: panic disorder agoraphobia psychotherapy psychodynamics cognitive-behavioral case study. APA Style. 16 pages, 43 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 3,548 words. 		  $112
 

18303. Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a persistent and common psychological disorder characterized by pathological worry. The central features and symptoms of GAD are discussed in the context of DSM-IV TR diagnostic criteria. The paper considers possible causes of general anxiety disorder and discusses theoretical explanatory models, including the metacognitive model and biological/genetic factors. Prevalence, demographic features, associated illnesses (including depression), and both pharmacological (antidepressants, tranquilizers) and psychotherapeutic (cognitive behavioral therapy) treatment options are discussed. KEYWORDS: generalized anxiety disorder gad pathological worry depression antidepressants cbt. APA Style. 6 pages, 28 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 1863 words. 		  $42
 

18090. Autistic Children & Families.

This paper discusses the unique challenges faced by families in which there is a child with autism. These challenges include behavioral problems, the blocking of family member needs, and social stigma. It is noted that there are different ways (both negative and positive) that family members might react to the presence of an autistic child. The paper also refers to views on the types of strategies and skills that can help families cope with the challenges. KEYWORDS: autism families coping autistic children family dynamics. APA Style. 14 pages, 37 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 3,301 words. 		  $98
 

18074. Tests for Attention Deficit Disorder.

This paper provides a comparative evaluation of two norm-referenced tests for assessing attention deficit disorder symptoms in children (the Attention Deficit Disorders Evaluation Scale, or ADDES, and the Connors Rating Scales). The paper addresses issues of accuracy, reliability, and validity, and argues that ADDES is better overall. KEYWORDS: ADD testing ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. APA Style. 6 pages, 8 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 1,413 words. 		  $42
 

18054. Antisocial Personality Disorder & Crime.

This term paper examines the evidence on the number of criminal offenders (in correctional settings) that have been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (APD). The findings have been highly variable and, furthermore, few studies have focused on APD specifically (as opposed to more general categories, such as "mental illness"). Despite this, the evidence appears to show a link between APD and criminal behaviors. It is concluded that there is a need for more and better studies so that effective treatment and education programs can be developed. KEYWORDS: sociopath criminals psychology antisocial personality disorder. APA Style. 6 pages, 12 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 1,423 words. 		  $42
 

17714. Psychological Analysis of the Main Character in Girl Interrupted by Susanna Kaysen.

This paper provides a psychological/psychiatric assessment of the main character and narrator of Kaysen’s memoir of her two years in McLean Psychiatric Hospital in the late 1960s. Following a summary of the book, the paper provides a diagnosis of Kaysen according to the five axes of the DSM-IV; identifies and provides examples of defense mechanisms used by the character; describes the main character’s behavior according to the biological and behavioral perspectives; and comments on the treatment approach. KEYWORDS: psychiatric hospitals mental illness psychological analysis depression dissociative disorder personality defense mechanisms psychology case study. APA Style. 13 pages, 27 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 3,102 words. 		  $91
 

17626. Antisocial Personality Disorder in Correctional Settings.

This paper examines the evidence on antisocial personality disorder in correctional settings with the objective of determining the extent and scope of the problem. The paper begins with a brief overview of antisocial personality and then reviews the literature on antisocial personality disorder among prison inmates. Concludes that antisocial personality disorder plays a substantial role in causing criminal behaviors. KEYWORDS: antisocial personality disorder sociopathy psychopathy prisoners prisons. APA Style. 5 pages, 13 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 1,247 words. 		  $35
 

17457. The Tsunami Generation: Psycho-Social Consequences of the 2004 Tsunami.

This paper considers the longer-term psycho-social consequences of the 2004 tsunami on the communities most devastated by the event. The analysis focuses in particular on the potential future consequences of a disaster which had such a major impact on the children of the region. The analysis considers the consequences both in terms of the children survivors and in terms of the impact of a disaster which killed such a large number of children. Possible future scenarios considered include adjustment difficulties and widespread post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among child survivors, victimization of child survivors, change in how society views children, PTSD and survivor guilt among parents who lost children, and the broader future social consequences. KEYWORDS: Asian tsunami post-traumatic stress disorder children social psychological impact disasters. 10 pages; 23 footnotes; 19 bibliographic references. 2,767 words. 		  $70
 

17446. Adolescent Depression and Suicide.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the closely linked problems of adolescent depression and suicide. The first section profiles the problem of teen depression: discussing the epidemiology and etiology; considering how depression in teenagers differs from that found in adults; discussing the impact; and examining the role of family and peer relations as well as self-identity issues in the course of adolescent depression. The next section profiles the closely associated problem of suicide in adolescence: discussing its prevalence across the adolescent population; scrutinizing the etiological role played by depression and other factors in adolescent depression; and examining the role of family and peer relations along with self-identity issues as both risk factors and protective factors in teen suicidality. KEYWORDS: teen suicide depression adolescent mental illness adolescence. APA Style. 12 pages, 62 footnotes, 25 bibliographic sources. 3,815 words. 		  $84
 

17428. Bipolar Disorder in Children.

Through a review of scholarly literature, this paper provides a brief overview and analysis of Bipolar disorder in children, with a particular focus on young (prepubertal) children. The paper discusses the estimated prevalence of the illness in children, identifies known and suspected risk factors for developing the illness and outlines the clinical course and symptoms of the disorder in children. The analysis also considers differential diagnosis, commonly associated disorders, and how bipolar disorder in children differs from bipolar disorder in adults. KEYWORDS: manic-depression bipolar childhood ADHD mood disorders. 7 pages, 27 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 1,628 words. 		  $49
 

17182. Research on the Causes of Schizophrenia.

This paper provides an overview of research on the causes of schizophrenia, reviewing studies which hypothesize genetic, viral, biological, social, and other environmental causative factors. The analysis emphasizes the methods used in the various research studies, rather than their specific outcomes and implications. Rather than attempting to provide a comprehensive review of the extensive literature on schizophrenia, the paper focuses on a review of a representative sample of the research literature covering the range of major current hypotheses about the causes of schizophrenia and focuses further on the strengths and weaknesses of the methodology used in those studies. Keywords: schizophrenia etiology research methodology. 21 pages; 61 footnotes; 26 bibliographic sources. 5,003 words. 		  $133
 

17177. Research Methods in Psychology.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of research methods in psychology. Following an overview of the scientific method and its application within psychological research, the processes of creating and testing hypotheses, evaluating a study, and creating a reliable and valid experiment are considered. The analysis also considers ethical issues in research, including the appropriate and inappropriate use of risk and deception. The statistical analysis of results and the application of descriptive and inferential statistics are also discussed. The concluding section provides a summary analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of research in psychology. Keywords: psychology research methodology experiments design. 21 pages; 42 footnotes; 11 bibliographic sources. 5,293 words. 		  $133
 

17163. The Pathology of a Homicidal Child: Mary Bell.

This paper profiles the English child criminal Mary Bell, who, in 1968 at age eleven, killed a 4-year-old and a 3-year-old boy in her hometown of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. Drawing in Gitta Sereny’s (1972,1999) books on the case and Bowlby’s (1969, 1973, 1980) attachment theory and other supporting works, the paper presents an explanation of why she killed her two young victims. In keeping with the findings of the court appointed psychiatrists in the case, it is argued that Mary could rightly be classified as a child psychopath at the time of the killings and that this psychopathology explained her behavior . It is argued that Mary Bell’s psychopathology developed as a result of her insecure attachment to her mother. 14 pages; 19 footnotes; 15 bibliographic sources. 3,898 words. 		  $98
 

17157. Senator Paul Wellstone Mental Health Equitable Treatment Act of 2003.

Introduced into both the House (H.R. 953) and the Senate (S.486) on February 27, 2003, the Mental Health Equitable Treatment Act is a bill “to provide for equal coverage of mental health benefits with respect to health insurance coverage unless comparable limitations are imposed on medical surgical benefits.” Taking a policy advocacy perspective, this paper provides an overview of this proposed legislation and an analysis of the underlying policy issue. Using Jansson’s (2003) framework, potential interventions and techniques to support the bill and/or empower others to take action on mental health parity are discussed. 15 pages; 27 footnotes; 19 bibliographic sources. 4,035 words. 		  $105
 

15958. Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life by Carson, Butcher & Mineka (Book Review)

This paper provides a summary of chapters 6 through 18 of this abnormal psychology textbook, which covers such topics as mood disorders, dissociative disorders, personality disorders, substance abuse, sexual deviations, delusional disorders, cognitive impairments, childhood disorders, clinical assessment, and therapeutic approaches. 14 pages; 38 footnotes; 1 bibliographic source. 3,043 words. 		  $98
 

15957. "Angel Baby" (1995, Michael Rymer, Director).

This paper discusses the challenges faced by the main characters in the Australian film, “Angel Baby” which focuses on two schizophrenics who fall in love and try to live a “normal” life. Also considers what the film shows regarding institutional practices, as well as some theoretical interpretations of the events that occur in the film. 7 pages; 12 footnotes; 5 bibliographic sources. 1,719 words. 		  $49
 

15954. "As Good as It Gets" (1997, James L. Brooks, Director).

This paper draws on examples from the film to show how the character Marvin Udall exhibits obsessive-compulsive disorder, according to the Freudian definition. Also discusses how some of Udall’s behavior’s are contrary to the Freudian description, and how his road to recovery seems to be based on a romantic notion of ‘love,’ rather than the use of psychotherapy. 6 pages; 7 footnotes; 2 bibliographic sources. 1,464 words. 		  $42
 

15924. "Basic Instinct" (1992, Directed by Paul Verhoeven) (Film Review).

This paper presents a psychological analysis of the main characters (Catherine Tramell and Nick Curran) in the 1992 film, “Basic Instinct”. Describes their signs of anti-social personality disorder, and includes a discussion of Nick’s aggressiveness and how he “mirrors” Catherine. 9 pages; 6 footnotes; 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

15853. Childhood Autism.

This paper describes the characteristics childhood autism and its rate of prevalence. Also discusses the potential causes of autism and the various approaches to treatment, including medication, behavior modification, and other strategies. 11 pages; 33 footnotes; 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

15852. Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression).

This paper provides an overview and analysis of Bipolar Disorder, also known as manic depressive illness. Discusses the clinical features of the illness, its incidence, its possible genetic cause, and treatment options including medication and psychological counseling. 11 pages; 39 footnotes; 9 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

15763. The Medical Mode of Mental Illness: Ethical Issues for the Social Worker.

Drawing on a review of the current psychiatric, psychological and social work literature, this paper provides a synthesis of the argument that the medical model as now construed is often an inappropriate and erroneous model for the treatment of emotional issues. While noting the likelihood of a biological bias or predisposition for some of the currently defined major mental illnesses, it is argued that the existing medical model of mental illness all too often functions as little more than an exercise in biological reductionism. Focusing especially on the "soft diagnoses," the analysis advances arguments concerning the questionable reliability and validity of DSM diagnostic categories as well as arguments concerning the extent to which the medical model serves to disempower clients (by removing their sense of control and focusing their attention on uncontrollable biological forces as the sole "cause" of their "illness"), and how clients would be better served through an alternative model. Following from this analysis, and drawing upon the ethic of informed consent as it is encompassed within the National Association of Social Worker's (NASW) (1999) Code of Ethics, it is argued that it is morally incumbent upon social workers to inform clients of both the questionable validity of their psychiatric diagnosis and that the medical model is only a theoretical orientation which has not been scientifically proven. KEYWORDS: social workers ethics psychiatric diagnosis medical model mental illness. APA Style. 33 pages, 109 footnotes, 38 bibliographic sources. 8,518 words. 		  $133
 

15759. Rape and Rapists.

Following a brief definition of rape and a discussion of some of the methodological difficulties in studying rape behavior and rapists, this term paper provides a summary overview of the varieties of rape (e.g., acquaintance rape, stranger rape, male-on-male rape) and types of rapists (e.g., date rapists, serial rapists, sadistic rapists, classification schemes), and then considers the causes of rape, looking at co-factors in rape behavior, antecedents in rape, and psychological, social, and biological theories which attempt to explain rape behavior. KEYWORDS: rape rapists sex offenders term paper. APA Style. 11 pages, 63 footnotes, 40 bibliographic sources. 4,081 words. 		  $77
 

15689. Mental Illness and Violence:

Do the Mentally Ill Pose a Risk to Society or Does Society Pose a Risk to the Mentally Ill? This paper explores the recent debate and focus on the link between mental illness and violence. Specifically, the analysis critically appraises whether the mentally ill pose a risk to society or whether the mentally ill are really perhaps more at risk from society. Reviews the evidence suggesting that the mentally ill are more violent than the non-mentally ill; considers factors contributing to violent behavior in the mentally ill; reviews some of the risks that society poses to mentally ill persons. KEYWORDS: mentally ill persons violence psychiatric patients violent risk. APA Style. 10 pages, 22 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources. 3,018 words. 		  $70
 

15656. The Beck Depression Inventory (Bdi): Review and Evaluation of a Psychological Assessment Tool.

Following a brief overview of the clinical criteria used to diagnose depression and a discussion of the principle assessment techniques used to evaluate depressive disorders, this paper presents a critical review and evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a 21-item self-report inventory designed to evaluate the level of depression in adolescents and adults. Argues that the BDI remains a useful and cost-effective tool for indicating potential depression in individuals; however, the BDI is unsuitable as a stand-alone method for diagnosing depression. KEYWORDS: psychological measurement bdi beck depression inventory term paper. APA Style. 16 pages, 23 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 4,132 words. 		  $112
 

15649. Deprivation of Liberty and the Psychiatric Patient: Involuntary Civil Commitment and Treatment.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the deprivation of individual liberty encompassed in the process and act of involuntary civil commitment and related involuntary treatment. The focus of this paper is confined to involuntary civil commitments arising within the community (versus involuntary treatment of prisoners or involuntary commitment of sexual predators following their completion of criminal sentence). Describes the rationale for commitment, reviews the history of commitment law in the U.S., and discusses the possible solutions to the problems posed by involuntary civil commitment. KEYWORDS: involuntary treatment psychiatry commitment psychiatric. APA Style. 15 pages, 43 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources. 3,853 words. 		  $105
 

15646. Nijinsky: A Case Study Analysis of Schizophrenia.

Using Nijinsky as the subject, this paper provides a case study of schizophrenia. Provides a background overview of schizophrenia (natural course, major symptoms) and then describes the history, onset and course of Nijinsky's illness, drawing upon information from his biographies and own diaries. Recommends a course of treatment involving anti-psychotics and structured therapy. Although Nijinsky was diagnosed well before the era of biological psychiatry, and although he died just prior to the development of anti-psychotics, this case study draws on the perspective of biological psychiatry for an understanding of this illness. KEYWORDS: psychiatric case studies schizophrenia nijinsky. APA Style. 11 pages, 18 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 3,026 words. 		  $77
 

15505. Misdiagnosis and Mislabeling of African-American Children.

Discusses the evidence that African-American children are more likely to be labeled "mentally retarded" or "emotionally disabled" and thus placed in special education classes; yet they still do not receive the help or support they need. The negative impacts of this problem are discussed, as well as views on the reasons for its occurrence and some proposed solutions. 17 pages, 55 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

15437. Genetics and Crime.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the controversial theory that criminal behavior has genetic roots, considering the reasons why biological and and genetic in particular and theories of crime causation are so controversial, examining the central tenets of the theory, and considering the evidence supporting the theory based on family, twin, adoption, and gene-environment interaction studies. 12 pages, 41 footnotes, 23 bibliographic references. 		  $84
 

15433. Adhd Assessment and Diagnosis.

This paper focuses on the assessment practices used with children identified as at risk for or suspected of having ADHD. The investigation provides a discussion and evaluation of three major assessment practices. The ADHD assessment practices evaluated are: 1) the clinical interview (specifically the structured DISC); 2) behavioral rating scales (including the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the various Conners Rating Scales, and others); and 3) the most popular computer-based continuous performance test (CPT) and the Conner's CPT. Prior to the discussion, evaluation and comparison of these three major assessment practices, a brief review of the essential diagnostic tasks and challenges for establishing ADHD in children is presented. 13 pages, 30 footnotes, 13 bibliographic references. 		  $91
 

15231. The Madness of King George (1995).

A plot summary of the film is given, followed by a discussion of how the character King George III exhibits five signs of abnormal behavior (infrequency, violation of norms, personal distress, disability and unexpected ness). Also discusses the incompetence of the doctors of the time in dealing with the King's problem, which is now believed to have been caused by the hereditary disease porphyria. 7 pages, 4 footnotes, 2 bibliographic references. 		  $49
 

15230. One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975).

After a brief summary of the film's plot, the paper discussed the use of biological treatments as seen in the film (drug therapy, electric shock therapy and psychosurgery). These methods, used merely to control behavior rather than cure mental illness, show the insensitive and inhumane approaches used in earlier psychotherapeutic practice. 7 pages, 0 footnotes, 1 bibliographic reference. 		  $49
 

15229. The History of Psychopathology.

Summarizes the study and treatment of mental illness from ancient times, and the belief in demonology, to modern times, when a variety of treatment methods have been developed. It is concluded that the trend has been toward increasingly humane treatment of mentally ill. 6 pages, 5 footnotes, 3 bibliographic references. 		  $42
 

15105. Memoirs of Depression.

This term paper provides a summary review and analysis of six different memoirs about the experience of suffering from major depression – memoirs by Emily Fox Gorden, Martha Manning, Jeffery Smith, William Styron, Tracy Thompson, Lewis Wolpert. The different memoirs provide different perspectives on the causes, experiences, and appropriate treatments for this common mental illness. KEYWORDS: major depression depressive illness personal accounts memoirs. MLA Style. 11 pages, 31 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

13939. Cognitive and Psychodynamic Approaches to Depression.

This essay critically discusses cognitive (particularly CBT) and psychodynamic approaches to the treatment of depression. Following an overview of the major goals and techniques of these approaches, the analysis considers how these approaches might be modified to improve their efficacy in the treatment of depression. It is argued that the current paradigm for the use of CBT in depression would benefit from the adoption of a more integrative and psychodynamic approach which takes into account the social and interpersonal aspects of depression. KEYWORDS: psychotherapeutic treatment depression cognitive behavioral therapy CBT efficacy term paper. APA Style. 10 pages, 21 footnotes, 14 bibliographic references. 		  $70
 

13877. Alcohol Abuse and Child Abuse.

This paper investigates the complex and multi-faceted relationship between alcohol abuse and child abuse/neglect. The first section presents an overview of the link between parental alcoholism and/or alcohol abuse and child abuse. The next section examines the theoretical explanations for the link between alcohol and domestic violence. A third section looks at alcoholism and alcoholism in adults as a consequence of child abuse. 13 pages, 35 footnotes, 18 bibliographic references. 		  $91
 

13869. The Biological Basis of Schizophrenia.

Examines the genetic theory of the origins of schizophrenia. The analysis focuses on the genetic linkage of inherited phenotype to the onset of the disease, rather than on the symptoms or treatments of schizophrenia. Evidence for alternative causes of schizophrenia are assessed and the problems in determining a biological/genetic basis considered. Concludes that a genetic cause of some but not all forms of schizophrenia has been demonstrated. 20 pages, 29 footnotes, 31 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13512. Depressive Disorders.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of depressive disorders, reviewing the epidemiology; etiology; symptoms, natural history and sub-types; and current treatments (pharmacological, psychotherapy, and other)for this common mental illness. 17 pages, 59 footnotes, 27 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

13472. Anxiety Disorders: The Bio-Psychosocial Perspective.

Following a brief overview of the classification and definition of the anxiety disorders group within DSM-IV (APA, 1994), this paper presents an overview of anxiety disorders from the biopsychosocial perspective of differential diagnosis. Focusing on the research relevant to the field of clinical psychology, and the role of the clinical psychologist in making a differential diagnosis of anxiety disorder, the analysis considers the biological, psychological, and social issues in detail and includes reference to legal, ethical, and cultural considerations in the differential diagnosis of anxiety disorder. 17 pages, 35 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

13350. Pedophilia.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and analysis of pedophiles and the problem of pedophilia. Following a brief overview of historical attitudes towards adult-child sex and their contrast with current opinions and beliefs, the analysis sets forth definitions and descriptions of pedophilia and pedophiles; presents a profile of pedophiles and their pattern(s) of pedophilia, including consideration of demographics, sexual orientation, occupational patterns, specific sexual activities, lifestyle habits, personalities, and typologies; and looks at theories of etiology. A concluding section considers current treatment approaches to pedophilia. 28 pages, 112 footnotes, 36 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13187. Child Sexual Abuse.

From the perspective of a social worker, examines the various signs of sexual abuse and the family situations that increase the potential for abuse. Also discusses the attitudes of offenders, the expected behaviors of sexually abused children, and various approaches to treatment. 11 pages, 27 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

12602. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Review of the Literature.

A comprehensive review of recent psychiatric literature on OCD in children and adolescents, emphasizes the family systems perspective. Provides an overview of the disorder (definition, epidemiology, co-morbidity), profiles etiology and models of OCD, considers OCD phenomenology from the perspective of the family, and reviews current methods of assessment and treatment and their effectiveness. 33 pages, 132 footnotes, 79 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

12596. Schizophrenia: Clinical Features, Causes, and Treatment.

Profiles the clinical features, major symptoms, classifications, epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of schizophrenia based on a review of recent (1995-1997) psychiatric literature. Emphasizes the currently predominant eclectic and/or "holistic" model of the disorder which stresses the heterogeneity of symptoms, the multiple biological and environmental factors in etiology, and the need for balancing pharmacological and psycho-social treatment interventions. 12 pages, 41 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

12556. Analysis of the Persian Gulf Using the Balance of Power Theory.

Discusses the roles of Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and other nations. Also discusses U.S. interests, and the failed use of a "dual containment" policy in the region. Argues instead for an integrative, multicentric approach. 18 pages, 42 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 		  $126
 

12412. Infanticide.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the problem of infanticide in modern developed societies (particularly the US), with a close focus on the systems of classification and widely held theories of motivation behind this crime. The paper begins with a background overview of the definitions, history and epidemiology of infanticide. Drawing upon current psychological and sociological literature, the remainder of the investigation examines some of the factors that motivate adults to kill children and infants. 13 pages, 39 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

12285. The Physiological Basis of Amnesia.

Reviews research (experimental and case investigations) on the physiological basis, anatomical correlates, and behaviors associated with non-psychogenic amnesia. Defines anterograde versus retrograde amnesia, discussing their relationship and their differences. Traces recent trends and significant findings in 24 neuropsychological research studies. 15 pages, 42 footnotes, 28 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

11843. Serial Killers.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the phenomenon of serial murder and a profile of serial killers. In examining the motivations, methodologies, personal histories and personality traits of serial killers, the initial focus is on the male serial killer. A separate section considers the special case of the female serial killer and how she differs from the male serial killer. Includes a statistical profile of serial killing in the U.S., a discussion of the "phases" of the serial kill, and a typology of serial killers. 12 pages, 32 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

11725. Anorexia Nervosa.

Provides a brief overview of the eating disorder. Describes the disorder in terms of its central clinical and diagnostic features, discusses its occurrence and typical age of onset, details how anorexia interferes with patient's day-to-day functioning, looks at ego defenses and other psychological manifestations of the disorder, and presents recommended treatment strategies. 5 pages, 23 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

11712. Treatment of Major Depression.

An overview of the major treatment strategies for major depression in adults. Considers preliminary assessment needs along with the specific psychotherapeutic, medication and other (ECT) interventions. 7 pages, 19 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

11598. Multiple Personality Disorder: A Psychiatric Controversy.

An overview and analysis of the psychiatric and legal controversy over the existence or legitimacy of MPD. Considers history, factors fueling the controversy, and specific arguments on both sides of the issue. Concludes that a resolution is not imminent. 11 pages, 32 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

11578. A Discussion of the Disorganized Attachment Relationship in Maltreated Children.

Good use of clinical vocabulary in this summary of an officially-recognized syndrome in which abused children act unpredictably and irrationally. Syndrome is considered from several perspectives, including behavioralist. 5 pages, 10 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

11454. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: The Serotonin Connection.

Following a brief overview of the epidemiology and phenomenology of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), this paper investigates the etiology of OCD. Examines the evidence for the neurochemical basis of OCD and then considers other possible causal factions in OCD within an appropriate model of causation for psychological disorders. 9 pages, 31 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

11287. Issues in the Special Education of Students With Emotional-Behavioral Disorders.

This paper looks at current issues related to the special education of students with emotional/behavioral disorders. In particular, we will examine controversies and issues related to the incidence and definition of emotional disturbance and behavioral disorders as well as controversies involved in identification, classification, and assessment for the placement and instruction of these students. 12 pages, 26 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

11286. Social Skills Intervention for Emotionally-Behaviorally Disturbed (Ebd) Students.

This paper discusses and analyzes the components and parameters of social skills training and intervention as applied to emotionally and behaviorally disturbed children and adolescents. Examples of the type of social skills training possible for this population is also presented and discussed, along with a discussion environmental modifications for improving social skills. 11 pages, 23 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

11285. Education and Programming for Students With Serious Emotional Disturbance (Sed).

This paper explores the major goals and objectives of programming for children and adolescents with SED. Following a brief review of the theoretical underpinnings for the education of SED students, we will discuss and analyze the scope of existing programs and consider recommendations in the literature for the development of more effective SED programming within a non-residential setting (i.e., within a school setting, either the mainstreamed classroom or a special education class). 11 pages, 37 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

11235. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Presents on overview of the definition, symptoms, epidemiology, prognosis, etiology and treatment for ADHD. Considers the various treatment modalities and their respective effectiveness. Recommends use of stimulants in conjunction with cognitive-behavioral training. 10 pages, 27 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

11105. "Split Brain" Patients.

Considers major issues and controversies in the fields of neurology and psychology involving human split brain operations, including practical aspects on human cerebral functioning with severed hemispheres, the respective functions of the right and left hemispheres, the psychiatric consequences, and the controversy concerning possible unifying structures within the human split brain. 13p, 22f., 14b. 		  $91
 

11093. Brain Injury and Psychiatric Disorders.

This paper provides an overview of the relationship between traumatic brain injury and neuropsychiatric disorders. The etiology, scope and magnitude of the correlation between brain injury and personality disorders, psychosis, dementia, delusions, schizophrenia, behavioral disorders, affective disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder are discussed and analyzed. 10 pages, 32 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

10694. Teen Violence: The Problems and Its Causes.

Investigation and analysis of the problem of teenage violence. Following an overview of the scope and magnitude of the problem, considers the sociocultural, familial and psychological factors in the etiology of teen violence. Concludes that multiple causal factors are involved in this growing social problem. 13 pages, 39 footnotes, 43 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

10560. Aids Dementia.

A review of literature focusing on one of the most common CNS manifestations of HIV infection- AIDS associated dementia. Discusses the relative incidence, suspected causal mechanisms, main symptoms, and prospective treatment protocols for persons manifesting AIDS associated dementia. 5 pages, 9 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

10196. A Review and Evaluation of "If You Meet the Buddha on the Road, Kill Him" by Sheldon B. Kopp.

Report and evaluation of Kopp's book on the use of psychotherapy as a means of directing and taking charge of one's own life and assuming responsibility for one's destiny. Report concludes that while book offers useful suggestions and depicts therapeutic process well and in detail, it is too personalized an accounting to be of value to the individual needing therapeutic assistance from a professional. 10 pages, 10 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $70
 

10194. Genetic Causes of Depression and Schizophrenia.

Review of genetic causes of both depression and schizophrenia. Report demonstrates that substantive evidence exists linking familial genetics to both problems. 10 pages, 26 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

10178. The Treatment of Women by the Mental Health Field.

Describes sex role stereotyping and cultural attitudes regarding male and female behavior; describes how roles influence personal fulfillment; describes how mental health field has reinforced such stereotypes and how the field is changing in response to pressure. 25 pages, 33 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

10177. Encounter Groups: Therapeutic Practices and Ethical Concerns.

A look at the ethical dilemmas involved in the practice of encouter group psychotherapy. The Rogers, Esalen and Synanon methods of encouter group are examined among others. Problems of psychological aggression, group casualties, and the development of cult leaders are noted. 20 pages, 36 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

10151. The Historical Development of the Education of Students With Mild Mental Retardation, Learning Disabilities, and Behavior Disorders.

An historical overview of the apporach to educating the mentally disabled student, focusing on the mildly disabled student who could be classified into one or more of the currently existing categories of mildly mentally retarded, learning disabled, or behaviorally disabled. Identifies the major issues in treatment, definition and assessment, and considers the role of sociocultural standards. 16 pages, 51 footnotes, 23 bibliographic sources. 		  $112
 

10016. Autism: Defining the Disorder.

Summary review and analysis of the major research on theories and definitions of autism, beginning with the work of Leo Kanner. 10 pages, 16 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

09579. Bestiality.

Analyzes the practice of bestiality, including its definition, history, incidence, and possible causes. Cites case studies and anecdotal reports. 5 pages, 18 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

09470. Mental Illness: Nature Versus Nurture.

Analyzes the relative merits of biological/genetic versus envZironmental models of mental illness, concluding that both play a significant role but to varying degrees depending on the illness. Schizophrenia, affective disorders and alcoholism are considered as specific examples. 10 pages, 31 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

09186. Social Factors in Mental Disorders.

Based on the premise that social factors influence the incidence of mental disorder, this essay argues that the reduction and/or elimination of unemployment, the establishment of workfare rather than welfare, the implementation of anti-discrimination practices, and the discarding of Christian values in favor of "humanist" principles would lower the incidence of mental disorders in developed nations. 7 pages, 20 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

09120. Is Sterilization of the Mentally Retarded Advisable?

A careful consideration of the social, genetic and ethical justifications of sterilizing mentally retarded individuals. Concludes that sterilization is not justifiable and that social efforts should be directed at sex education for such individuals. 9 pages, 7 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

09037. Manic Depressive Psychosis.

Profiles the history, distribution, stages of disease development, and etiology of manic depression. Recent etiological links to a single dominant gene are discussed. 4 pages, 15 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $28
 

08990. Suicide in the Developed World.

This investigation provides an overview and analysis of suicide in Europe, North America, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and Israel, looking at various factors which have been statistically correlated to the rate of suicide in developed countries. Durkheim's theory of suicide is discussed and the various types of suicide explicated. The influence of underlying culture, religiosity, family structure, and economic structure are examined. KEYWORDS: suicide durkheim anomie suicide rates causes types of suicide. 15 pages, 36 footnotes, 26 bibliographic sources. 3,791 words. 		  $105
 

08630. The Vietnam Veteran and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

Defines PTSD and discusses its possible causes and symptoms. Also included is a discussion of the social conditions that provide some of the context for PTSD. 8 pages, 5 footnotes in text, 5 bibliographic sources. 		  $56
 

08288. Alcoholism and Affective Disorders.

Following a brief overview of the nature and extent of problems related to or correlated with alcoholism, the parameters and variety of affective disorders associated with alcoholism will be explored. Etiology, antecedents, and recovery potentials are also discussed. 10 pages, 16 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

07367. The Right to Refuse Treatment.

6 pages, 5 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. See section 16. Medicine and Health Care. 		  $42
 

07085. Adolescent Suicide: Symptom of a Troubled Society.

Review of the history and causes of suicide in general, with focus on high rates of adolescent suicide in modern California; includes small survey on attitudes towards adolescent suicide, causes, and prevention methods. 19 pages, 12 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

06216. Chemical and Anatomical Correlates in Models of Schizophrenia.

Very good, detailed biochemistry and pathology study of the possible causes of schizophrenia. Includes discussion of the limbic system, the chemical mechanisms of schizophrenia such as dopamine theory, transmethylation theory, endocrine theories; possible exogenous factors related to the olfactory system or possible allergic-addictive cycles. 37 pages, 52 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources. 6 tables. 		  $133
 

05874. Theories of Anxiety.

Anxiety as a result of childhood trauma, developmental perspectives and behavioral dysfunction. The work of Freud, Skinner and Erikson is reviewed. 7p. 7b. 		  $49
 

05842. Abnormal Behavior and Exercise Therapy.

The complexity of the human brain and the variations of mental deviations era the subject of this paper. Organic brain disorders are differentiated from the problems of low I.Q. and social dysfunction. 13p. 7b. 10f. 		  $91
 

05481. Alcoholism.

This paper examines the social causes of alcoholism and the groups most affected by it such as women and teenagers. Boredom, anxiety and peer group pressure are held accountable for much of the problem. Causes are seem to be similar in all classes and groups. 10 pages, 11 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

05475. Family Process and Schizophrenia.

History of development of schizophrenia heory with extensive disscussion of causes and symptoms of schizophrenia. Biological versus sociocultural causes discussed and their interaction with the family process. Bateson's theories of family interaction, focusing on the parent/child are traced. Mainly a descriptive review. 21 pages, 23 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

05257. Autism and Its Causes.

A look at the history of autism theories, the characteristic behavior of autistic children, and some of the alleged causes and cures of the syndrome. An excellent analysis of the arguments over the origins - biological or social - of this disorder, noting that diagnosis and therapy are still in the speculative stages. 19 pages, 0 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

05251. The Process of Becoming Deviant: Mental Illness - a Case in Point.

An examination of the process of becoming mentally ill, and how society labels individuals as deviant in accordance with generally prevailing norms. Such factors as time, negative self-image, and social disapproval are considered. 9 pages, 12 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

05250. Outpatient Versus Hospital Treatment for Schizophrenics.

A research proposal designed to test the proposal that mentally ill patients with the same diagnosis. of schizophrenia will spend less time before remission or cure if given outpatient treatment than if treated in a hospital. Independent and dependent variables of the hypothesis test are considered and data gathering instruments are provided. 12 pages, 14 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources. 2,694 words. 		  $84
 

05144. The Life of Muhammad.

The upbringing of the Prophet and the visionary experiences and preaching of his later years are related in this essay. The views of Freud, Jung and Maslow on the character of Muhammad are imagined in a dialogue between the three. 8 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $56
 

05122. Stuttering.

This familiar speech disorder is studied for causes, cures and social stigmas that have been theorized over the centuries. A dialogue between several of the afflicted is presented and new attitudes are suggested. 9 pages, 0 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

04752. Is Electro-Shock Therapy Ethical?

Discussion of the morality of shock therapy, focusing on definitions of morality and utilitarianism in treatment; all is firmly based on discussions in the literature. Since the literature is dominated by proponents of shock, this may account for indecisive conclusion. 5 pages, 8 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

04187. Mind Dynamics.

Mind Dynamics" is usually referred to as psychokinesis, or the power to move objects telepathically. This paper gives a good basic coverage of this and other psychic phenomena, including possible theories of how it works, and the problems of scientific verification in this area. 9 pages, 11 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

04117. A Psychological Analysis of Malcolm Lowry.

13 pages, 29 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. See Literature: English Fiction 1900 to Present. 		  $91
 

04036. The Psychopathology of Adolf Hitler.

Good clinical treatment of Hitler's psychological problems, including the juiciest bits of gossip on his perverted sexual preferences. 7 pages, 8 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

03998. "Black Rage" by William Grier and Price Cobbs.

Book review of this study by two Black psychiatrists; how discrimination creates trauma for Blacks. 3 pages, 1 footnote, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $21
 

03757. The Medical Model of "Mental Health.

A criticism of the moral and medical connotations of insanity and mental health, seeing them as derived from middle-class and upper-class ideology. Papers by Ryan, Reiff, Keisler and Mechanic are examined for ideas on mental health and its treatment as a disease. 9 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

03553. Social Stratification and Mental Illness.

Very good, complete survey of differing patterns of mental disturbance among the differing classes of society. Extended general introduction, survey of what studies have found in different child-rearing practices among classes, patterns of referral into hospitals, types of disturbances, types of facilities and their use, attitudes to mental illness among the classes. 24 pages, 6 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

03185. A Study of the Correlation Between Genius and Mental Illness.

Good discussion of thoughts on the relation of genius and mental illness; typical stereotypes, Lambroso's character types, studies done by Ternan and Barron, thoughts of Freud, Jung and others on the subject. 18 pages, 13 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 		  $126
 

02514. Mental Illness and Social Class.

Good overview of the relationships between mental illness and social status, including statistics, discussion of the typical problems of each group and why lower-class problems produce more extreme behavior. 13 pages, 59 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

02446. Theoretical Explanations of Sensory Deprivation Behavior.

Good discussion of explanations that have been offered for the fact that people freak out under sensory deprivation experience: models proposed are gross disorganization, natural response to specific situations, analogy to schizophrenia, power of suggestion in short experiments on college campuses. 5 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

02445. Schizophrenia.

Basic overview of how psychologists have defined and sub-categorized this mental problem; briefly mentions four theories of causation; parent-child relationships, genetics, biochemistry, and Laing's escape from intolerable situation thesis. 9 pages, 16 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

02444. The Adaptive Experience of Schizophrenia.

Basically this is a good restatement of R. D. Laing's ideas in The Politics of Experience, where he argues that schizophrenia may be a way of adapting to unbearable reality, and is at least no worse than our warlike, polluting, dehumanizing, normality. 6 pages, 9 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $42
 

02440. Some Patterns of Psychopathology in Adolescence.

Very good review of the basic illnesses of adolescence, including problems of sex drives and conflicts, whether adolescence causes schizophrenia or just lets it be manifest, problems of family, identity, and sociaiization. 22 pages, 26 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 
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