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20C. BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY

HOW TO INTERPRET THE CATALOG ENTRIES:

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18780. Consumers and Behavioral Learning Theory.

This paper examines the use of behavioral learning theory to analyze consumer behavior. According to the theory, consumers respond to reinforcements that are presented to them in the marketing environment. The concepts of the theory are used to recommend ways for the Italian organization, Associazione Culturale, to influence consumers to adopt its “art of slow living.” TAGS: consumer behavior theory, marketing theory, learning theory reinforcements term paper essay, Italian organization slow living. Harvard Style. 5 pages, 10 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 1,226 words. 		  $35
 

18757. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

This paper critically reviews the development of the theory and practice of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The first wave of CBT involved a purely behavioral approach to the treatment of psychological problems. The second wave enhanced the behavioral approach by adding concepts pertaining to the role of cognition in mental health. The third wave is found in such specific approaches as schema therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). It is argued that the inclusion of mindfulness and acceptance in third-wave CBT has improved the overall effectiveness and practicality of the therapy. KEYWORDS: psychology cognitive behavioral therapy theory. APA Style. 14 pages, 44 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 3,292 words. 		  $98
 

18691. Addiction and Personality Disorder.

This paper discusses the co-occurrence of chemical dependency (dependency on alcohol or drugs) and personality disorders. The paper examines the ways the two conditions interact and the issues that have been raised in regard to the best approaches to treatment. It is concluded that the best approaches seem to be related to modified forms of cognitive behavioral therapy, such as dialectic behavior therapy (DBT), in which clients learn to use adaptive coping skills. However, even these approaches are flawed in certain ways and thus there is a need for further research on the topic. KEYWORDS: psychology dependency substance abuse personality disorder therapy comorbidity. APA Style. 10 pages, 31 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 2,518 words. 		  $70
 

18690. Behaviorist Perspectives: Watson, Skinner, Tolman.

This paper compares the theoretical perspectives of the behaviorists John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner with those of Edward C. Tolman. Influenced by the experiments of Pavlov, Watson and Skinner denied the importance of unobservable mental processes in psychology and behavioral conditioning. By contrast, Tolman argued that behaviors are impacted by learning at the cognitive level. It is argued that Tolman’s perspective is more complete and thus more useful. KEYWORDS: psychology theory behaviorism cognition conditioning cognitive processes Skinner Watson Tolman. APA Style. 9 pages, 23 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 2,172 words. 		  $63
 

18518. The Effect of Positive Behavioral Supports on Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders.

This paper provides an analytical literature review on the use of positive behavioral supports to reduce disruptive classroom behaviors among children with emotional and behavioral disorders. Based on an analysis of the findings of sixteen research studies, it is concluded that the use of token economies would be a suitable subject for further examination in this area. KEYWORDS: children emotional behavior disorders education behavioral therapy positive feedback PDD AHDD ADD EBD. APA Style. 25 pages, 42 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources. 5,414 words. 		  $133
 

18507. Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia.

This paper defines panic disorder with agoraphobia and considers its causes from the perspectives of the psychodynamic model and the cognitive-behavioral model. These models are applied to the case of a 32-year-old man in order to explain his situation and make treatment recommendations. It is argued that the cognitive-behavioral model provides the best approach to developing a treatment plan in this particular case. KEYWORDS: panic disorder agoraphobia psychotherapy psychodynamics cognitive-behavioral case study. APA Style. 16 pages, 43 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 3,548 words. 		  $112
 

18128. Freudianism Versus Behaviorism.

This paper compares the psychological worldviews of Freudianism and Behaviorism. Both worldviews are based on scientific assumptions and both acknowledge the existence of determinism (i.e., there are forces that influence human lives). However, Freudianism emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind (which can't be directly observed but can be accessed through dream interpretation and other techniques) and Behaviorism emphasizes the influence of environmental reinforcements (which have an observable impact on behavior). KEYWORDS: psychology worldviews determinism Freudianism Behaviorism. MLA Style. 5 pages, 13 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 1,342 words. 		  $35
 

18120. Classroom Application of Learning Theories.

Based on a series of classroom observations, this paper describes how social cognitive theories and constructivist learning theories are used in the education of young students. The observations also revealed the use of behavioral techniques by the teachers. KEYWORDS: education teaching theories social cognitive constructivism behaviorism. APA Style. 6 pages, 7 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources, 2 page appendix including observations. 2,199 words including appendix. 		  $42
 

18119. Behaviorism in the Classroom.

This paper uses classroom observations in order to discuss the use of reinforcements in early education, with an emphasis on the approaches known as Applied Behavior Management and Cognitive Behavior Modification. The paper also discusses the criticisms of the behavioral approach, as well as some of the existing alternatives (cognitive learning, the social-cognitive approach, and the humanistic approach). It is concluded that the humanistic approach is the best alternative, because it increases self-concept and intrinsic motivation, and it is focused on the needs of individual students. KEYWORDS: education teaching behaviorism cognitive humanistic. APA Style. 7 pages, 17 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 1,603 words. 		  $49
 

18077. A Personal Approach to School Counseling.

Written in the first person, this paper describes an eclectic approach to school counseling, which is based largely on the theoretical views of William Glasser (the founder of Choice Theory and Reality Therapy), as well as on elements from the work of Alfred Adler and Abraham Maslow. The first section of the paper focuses on philosophical beliefs about human nature; the second section discusses theoretical viewpoints; the third section considers some ways that the personal theoretical orientation can be applied to K-12 settings. KEYWORDS: school counseling theories william glasser choice theory reality therapy alfred adler abraham maslow. APA Style. 11 pages, 23 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 2,659 words. 		  $77
 

18001. Extrinsic Employee Motivation.

This paper addresses the use of extrinsic rewards (bonus pay, benefits, etc.) for the purpose of motivating employees to improve the quality of their performance. The controversy over the impact of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation is also addressed. It is argued that extrinsic rewards can be used effectively, without undermining intrinsic sources of motivation. Turabian Style With Endnotes. 7 pages, 12 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 1794 words.

TAGS: rewards, employee motivation intrinsic extrinsic, pay for performance, compensation management.

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17739. Helping Children Following a Terrorist Attack: A Crisis Intervention Plan.

This paper outlines a crisis intervention response following a hypothetical multiple-target terrorist attack affecting several U.S. cities. The crisis intervention program is designed to alleviate psychological suffering and address traumatic reaction among children aged 4 to 11 years. The plan focuses on children manifesting post-traumatic stress reactions and those considered to be at high risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Following a discussion of children’s likely responses and abreactions to the attacks, a plan for assessment and intervention is outlined. Talk, play and art therapy techniques are recommended for use with the children. Counseling interventions are planned for parents and school personnel. KEYWORDS: terrorism ptsd children crisis intervention child psychology play therapy. APA Style throughout. 8 pages, 21 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 2,246 words. 		  $56
 

17714. Psychological Analysis of the Main Character in Girl Interrupted by Susanna Kaysen.

This paper provides a psychological/psychiatric assessment of the main character and narrator of Kaysen’s memoir of her two years in McLean Psychiatric Hospital in the late 1960s. Following a summary of the book, the paper provides a diagnosis of Kaysen according to the five axes of the DSM-IV; identifies and provides examples of defense mechanisms used by the character; describes the main character’s behavior according to the biological and behavioral perspectives; and comments on the treatment approach. KEYWORDS: psychiatric hospitals mental illness psychological analysis depression dissociative disorder personality defense mechanisms psychology case study. APA Style. 13 pages, 27 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 3,102 words. 		  $91
 

17703. Stress and the Aviator.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of stress and the aviator, focusing on pilots but also considering stress and the flight crew in general. Following a definition and overview of stress and its varieties in the aviation environment, the analysis identifies common sources of stress among aviators and in the flight environment, describes the potential negative consequences of the stress (e.g., impact on air safety, decision-making, relations with colleagues, etc.) and discusses ways to cope with and reduce stress. KEYWORDS: psychological stress stressors aviation pilots cockpit management. APA Style. 16 pages, 32 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources. 4,006 words. 		  $112
 

17490. Stress Management.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of stress management philosophies and techniques, looking at both Western and Eastern approaches. After defining “stress” and considering the need for effective stress management in the modern world, the analysis compares Western (as informed by Seyle and others) and Eastern (e.g., Zen) perspectives on stress and approaches to stress management. Specific stress management techniques, including breathing, relaxation exercises, meditation, massage, physical exercise, psychotherapy and medications are discussed. KEYWORDS: stress management stressors seyle fight or flight meditation therapy zen. APA Style. 13 pages, 32 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

17449. Behavior Therapy for Shyness.

This paper outlines a behavior therapy program to help a shy and lonely person become more outgoing and comfortable around people. The paper begins with an overview of the problem of shyness and the related social anxiety disorder, considering its prevalence, main symptoms, and consequences for the afflicted person. Following this, recommendations are made on assessment and the establishment of a behavior therapy program which draws on a variety of behavior therapy techniques, including graduated exposure and flooding as well as relaxation to address the person’s problem with shyness and loneliness. KEYWORDS: social phobia social anxiety shyness treatment cognitive behavior therapy exposure flooding systematic desensitization. 11 pages, 29 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

17447. What Happened at Abu Ghraib? A Social Psychology Perspective.

This brief essay argues that U.S. soldiers’ abuse of Iraqi prisoners held at Abu Ghraib is not surprising from the perspective of social psychology. The soldier guards at Abu Ghraib were not very different from the “guards” in Zimbardo’s 1971 prison experiment. Morale problems, threat of attacks from insurgents, lack of training as prison guards, cultural and language differences, and the soldiers’ position of absolute power over prisoners explains their behavior. KEYWORDS: Iraq prisoner abuse Zimbardo Stanford prison experiment power dynamics. 2 pages, 8 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 537 words. 		  $14
 

17420. Oxycontin: Abuse, Addiction & Treatment.

Since the late 1990s OxyContin, a prescription opioid painkiller, has emerged as a major drug of abuse. This paper provides an overview and analysis of OxyContin abuse and treatment. Following a brief history of the emergence of OxyContin as a drug of abuse, the analysis traces the physiological and psychological signs and symptoms of abuse as well as the familial, cultural and societal implications of OxyContin abuse. Treatment options are then considered, and two recommended interventions/approaches (inpatient/residential and detox/outpatient) are compared and contrasted. KEYWORDS: percodan percocet oxycontin oxycodeine pain pills addiction drug abuse treatment. 14 pages, 41 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources. 3,360 words. 		  $98
 

17385. Anger Management: Scope & Effectiveness.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of anger management programs as they are currently used with adults and youth in the justice system (juvenile and adult), private practice (e.g., substance abuse treatment, in conjunction with psychiatric treatment), and the schools. The objective of the study is to identify the successes and problems with these groups and programs. The first part of the paper provides a survey of anger management programs across the country, divided into sections on anger management for adults and anger management for youth. The second part of the paper reviews the limited number of evaluative studies which have examined the actual effectiveness of various anger management programs. The concluding section enumerates the concerns and limitations with anger management programs and recommends suspending or scaling back use of these programs based on lack of evidence of their effectiveness. KEYWORDS: anger management alternative sentencing substance abuse criminal justice juvenile justice program evaluation. APA Style. 25 pages, 69 footnotes, 32 bibliographic sources. 6,424 words. 		  $133
 

17328. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences as a Classroom Management Tool.

This paper discusses how Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences can be used in managing student behavior in the classroom. Following a brief description and overview of the theory of multiple intelligences, the paper describes various ways that the theory can be used in classroom management, including the management of student behavior, both in controlling problem behavior and stimulating student learning. KEYWORDS: multiple intelligences student behavior classroom management. 6 pages, 17 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 1,432 words. 		  $42
 

17325. An Interview on Motivation.

This paper discusses the findings from a 50 minute interview regarding a particular person’s motivation. The subject for the interview was a forty-three-year old man named Danny. The questions for the interview were designed to uncover (without being too intrusive) the physiological and psychological factors that influence Danny’s sense of motivation. The analysis includes a summary of the subject’s current motivational state and recommendations on life changes. The interview questions and an edited summary of the subject’s responses are included. KEYWORDS: individual motivation motivational theory interview. 10 pages, 8 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 2,674 words. 		  $70
 

17280. Case Study Analysis: “the Call of the Wild Car Alarm.”

This paper presents a summary analysis of a case study (found in a consumer psychology text) about why people routinely ignore car alarms. Draws on perceptual theories to explain why people are more likely to pay attention to some types of alarms and not others. KEYWORDS: case study car alarm human perception psychology. 5 pages, 1 footnote, 1 bibliographic source. 1,352 words. 		  $35
 

17266. Leadership and Teamwork.

This brief essay addresses three different topics: 1) Compares charismatic and participative leadership, focusing on the significant differences between these two leadership styles. Notes that while participative leadership by definition involves power sharing and team work, the charismatic leader inspires and attracts subordinate followers. 2) Considers how an instructor might use negative reinforcement to motivate a student’s behavior; and 3) Addresses the question of “If people really live by the WIIFM (what’s in it for me?) principle, how can a leader still achieve teamwork?” KEYWORDS: leadership motivation teamwork organizational psychology 7 pages, 19 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 1,618 words. 		  $49
 

17177. Research Methods in Psychology.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of research methods in psychology. Following an overview of the scientific method and its application within psychological research, the processes of creating and testing hypotheses, evaluating a study, and creating a reliable and valid experiment are considered. The analysis also considers ethical issues in research, including the appropriate and inappropriate use of risk and deception. The statistical analysis of results and the application of descriptive and inferential statistics are also discussed. The concluding section provides a summary analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of research in psychology. Keywords: psychology research methodology experiments design. 21 pages; 42 footnotes; 11 bibliographic sources. 5,293 words. 		  $133
 

17131. Are There Leaders and Followers in Fish Shoals?

This paper explores and discusses the question of whether there are leaders and followers in fish shoals. After reviewing the basic characteristics of fish shoals and schooling behavior and summarizing the traditional view that fish shoals or schools are self-organized, leaderless systems, the paper consider the possibility of leaders and leadership roles (and by implication, followers) within organized fish aggregations. It is argued that there are indeed, leaders and followers within some fish shoals, although it is also argued that ‘leaders’ and ‘leadership’ must be differentially defined for fish shoals versus the paradigm of leadership evident in the human military organization or the wild wolf pack. Specifically, within the fish shoal, leadership occurs in the relative absence of organizational hierarchy and outside of the framework of leadership as social dominance. 15 pages; 39 footnotes; 17 bibliographic sources. 3,743 words. 		  $105
 

13879. Dostoevsky and B. F. Skinner Compared.

The issues of free will and determinism are compared in the writings of Dostoevsky's "Notes From Underground" and behaviorist B. F. Skinner's "Beyond Freedom and Dignity." The author criticizes Skinner's view that human reality can be defined only in terms of external behavior. 5 pages, 6 footnotes, 2 bibliographic references. 		  $35
 

13200. Proxemics: The Analysis of Human Spacing Behavior.

Review and analysis of the impact of interpersonal distance on human psychology according to the models provided by proxemics (the study of man's transactions as he perceives and uses intimate, personal, social and public space in various settings). Following a detailed examination of the basic psychology of human spacing behavior, considers the closely related fields of territorality and crowding and discusses the application of proxemics to social problems (e.g., through environmental psychology). 28 pages, 61 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13165. Seasonal Affective Disorder (Sad).

The Influence of Physical Environment on Human Psychology. This paper explores the physical environment-human psychology relationship through an examination of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Following a review of the literature on the relationship between seasonality and psychiatric disorders which helped to spur the initial clinical research on the problem of SAD, the main part of the paper provides a thorough overview of SAD, including its clinical features and major symptoms, the natural course of the illness, its distinction from other affective disorders, its epidemiology, and a discussion of treatment options with special attention to light therapy. The final section looks at the main theories of etiology in SAD, considering the role of photoperiod, melatonin, and circadian rhythms and the validity of each theory. 34 pages, 107 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

12729. The Cycle of Addiction.

This paper identifies and discusses the key elements that perpetuate the cycle of addiction. These elements can be broken down into four broad categories: the social environment (friends, family, community), genetics, biological or physical aspects, and psychological aspects. Argues that psychological aspects may be the most important in both perpetuating and finally breaking the ties of addiction. KEYWORDS: addiction causes contributing factors psychological factors drug alcohol abuse treatment. APA Style. 6 pages, 21 footnotes, 6 bibliographic references. 1,979 words. 		  $42
 

11954. Contemporary Uses of Pavlovian Psychology.

Briefly defines Pavlov's Classical Conditioning and investigates its contemporary relevance to learning theories about stress, reflexes and consumer psychology. 5 pages, 16 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

11432. Huxley's Brave New World and Skinner's Walden Two.

An analysis which considers how Skinner's book answers many of the difficulties that Huxley found in utopian schemes as presented in Brave New World. 6 pages, 4 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

11210. Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches to the Treatment of Alcoholism.

An overview and analysis of the cognitive-behavioral approach to alcoholism treatment. Compares and contrasts the behavioral model with the widely accepted "disease model" and considers the implications of these differences for treatment. Reviews main treatment modalities and their effectiveness. Contrasts effectiveness of behavioral treatment with non-behavioral methods. Considers controlled drinking controversy and speculates on the reasons why cognitive-behavioral approaches have not been more widely accepted. 9 pages, 30 footnotes, 22 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

11103. Freud and Skinner.

The Viennese father of psychoanalysis is compared to the American behavioral psychologist. Freud's emphasis on interior, subjective experience is contrasted with Skinner's demand for external, observable empirical data as the only means of defining the human psyche and its modification. 5 pages, 9 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

10671. Behaviorism From Darwin to Guthrie.

The paper starts by discussing the work of Darwin and Pavlov, explaining their ideas as the origins of Behaviorism. The evolution of this school is then traced through the theories of learning advocated by of Thorndike, Watson, Hull, and Guthrie. 6 pages, 16 footnotes in text, 7 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

09009. Daydreaming.

Explores the phnomenon of daydreaming, including its motivations and manifestations. Agrees with the cognitive-affective model of daydreaming which argues that daydreams are a crucial component of the human information processing system. Considers the benefits and possible negative side effects of daydreaming. 12 pages, 18 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

08989. Article Review: "Decisions and Memory: Differential Retrievability of Consistent and Contradictory Evidence."

Reviews the purpose, scope and significance of this article which appeared in a 1984 issue of the Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior. The article considers the structure and processes of different types of memory and its relation to learning. KEYWORDS: memory learning education cognitive processes short-term memory retention. 2 pages, 1 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $14
 

08687. A Modern Theory of Personality.

An extensive criticism and analysis of the theories of Freud, Jung and Adler, with a look at the Behaviorist view of "introspective psychology." Concludes that an eclectic approach to the study of subjective introspective psychology is valid. 20 pages, 25 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

07076. The History of Behaviorism.

Complete history of this school of psychology, from J. B. Watson, and Pavlov through Hull, Holt, Guthrie and of course B. F. Skinner. Includes criticisms of behaviorism and discussion of behaviorism's association with control techniques. 14 pages, 18 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $98
 

05871. Changing Problem Behavior.

Obesity, alcoholism and smoking are discussed in this study. Positive and negative reinforcement methods are considered with a review of the literature on each. 19p. 25 references. 		  $133
 

05866. Dream Therapy.

Freud's, Adler's and Jung's dream theories are compared, and the merits of each are assessed. 9 pages, 13 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

05859. Crisis Intervention as a Method of Social Intervention.

The origin of crisis intervention is shown to lie in Freudian analysis but its methods are very different. An example of crisis intervention at work in a situation of marital disintegration is offered. 10 pages, 4 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

05856. Psychology and Terrorism.

A discussion of several journal articles (1975-79) dealing with the personalities of terrorists. Concludes that terrorist behavior must be divided into "idiosyncratic" and "social" types. 9 pages, 7 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

05834. The Relationship Between Anxiety and Color Choice in the Creation of Mandalas.

A Proposal to test the thesis that anxiety states will cause people to produce mandalas of varying colors. 17p. 8b. 		  $119
 

05810. The Psychology of Carl Jung.

The theories of the Swiss psychologist are explained in simplified terms oriented to the young reader. The concepts of individuation, archetypes, the collective and personal unconscious, and the meaning of symbolism in dreams and are all explored. 11 pages, 0 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

05806. Group Therapy With Delinquents and Pre-Delinquents.

Attempts to resocialize delinquents through contact with peers and authority figures in groups are documented together with screening procedures for placement in such groups. The benefits of the therapy sessions are listed. 7 pages, 5 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

05790. The Inefficiency of Freudian Analysis and Techniques in the Treatment of Juvenile Delinquents.

The obsolesence of some Freudian techniques in the understanding and control of juvenile delinquency - mainly because his work has been superceded by that of others such as Kvaraceaus, Cloward and Grambard. 10p. 7b. 		  $70
 

05761. Research Design: The Relationship Between Anxiety and Color Choice in the Creation of Mandalas.

Relationship of color and mood in the creation of mandalas. The methodology of the study and its literature are outlined. The hypothesis is that anxiety states will cause people to produce mandalas of different colors. 17 pages, 18 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

05480. The Psychodynahics of Family Life.

Review of Ackerman's book and his approach to the problem of mental illness and the family's place in his scheme. He proposes the creation of a corps of mobile therapists to foster familial stability among the disadvantaged. 9p. 		  $63
 

05479. Marriage Encounter.

The unique nature of the marriage encounter, being one on one encounter as opposed to group encounter, is discussed. The focus of encounter is assumed to be honest revelation of two spirits, not a therapy session for two persons. The Christian concept of marriage and thus the Christian assumption involved in encounter are discussed. A negative appraisal of the validity of these assumptions is offered. 5 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

05476. The Dual Economy.

A review of the book by Robert Averitt which argues that the American economy is characterized by a division into `center' and `periphery' firms - with the former becoming increasingly dominant. The book argues that `big is good', and that enlightened private and governmen( policies can overcome the problems of instability, unemployment and inflation. This thesis is criticized from a left-wing point of view. 5 pages, 7 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $35
 

05474. A Discussion of T. Rubin"S the Angry Book and Adelaide Bry's How to Get Angry Without Feeling Guilty.

A comparison of pop psychology's views on how to be angry and still be nice. Bry breaks angry people down into cute little typological types. A good discussion of `how to' 12 pages, 13 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

05472. The Secret of the Golden Flower.

Jung's description of the process of individuation as an analytic tension of polarity is related to its Chinese origins. 10 pages, 10 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

05470. Fear of Snakes.

The treatment of a hypothetical case of acute fear of snakes is documented. Reinforcement is examined as a method and shown to be successful. 10p. 7b. 		  $70
 

05468. Psychiatry and the Crossroads.

A review of some of the recent crises in psychiatry given the lack of consensus on definition of mental well being. 6p 		  $42
 

05467. The Relation Between Anxiety and Color Choice in the Creation of Mandala.

A model is established to determine the level of anxiety in a given subject and ascertain if it has any bearing on the kind of mandala he creates. There is a review of the chosen methodology and the literature on the subjecvt. 10p. 8b. 		  $70
 

05466. Alfred Adler.

A discussion of the views of the founder of "Individual Psychology" on Psychological theory and clinical practices. 8 pages, 11 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $56
 

05465. Albert Ellis.

An objective description and discussion of the theory of "Rational-Emotive Therapy," its clinical applications, and a consideration of those who might be helped by it. 8 pages, 12 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $56
 

05463. Theory of Instincts in Psychoanalysis and Behaviorism.

A clear, long review of the theories of instincts. The change from physiological interpretations to introspective psychological interpretations to behaviorism is followed. The instinctual dichotomy is discussed. Freud, Jung, Adler, Watson and Skinner are cited, covering social psychological theory, gestalt theory and behaviorism. 10 pages, 21 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 3 secondary sources. 		  $70
 

05462. Teleology and Developmental Psychology.

Twelve theories and three approaches of personality are examined from the point of view of developmental changes in the organism. The approaches are the interpersonal, the behavioral and the existential. 19 pages, 21 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

04833. "Beyond Freedom and Dignity" by B. F. Skinner.

A review of Skinner's controversial work on behaviorist psychology, focusing on methods of conditioning and Skinner's argument about man's nature and disagreeing with it. 6 pages, 2 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

04830. Biorhythm Theory and Industrial Accidents.

A comprehensive study of the relationship between recent biorhythm theories of human behavior and the occurrence of industrial accidents. The paper looks at the pioneering work in the field and compares them to accident studies in an industrial setting; the physical and emotional cycles of workers are examined for frequency of coincidence with accidents, and the applications of biorhythm theory in safety programs in the United States and Japan are looked at. Offers a positive view of the future uses of the biorhythm theory. 21 pages, 25 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

04796. Behavioral Psychotherapy by Bandura.

The theories of social-learning techniques, as opposed to traditional insight therapy, are commented on in this review of Bandura's book. The roots of the behaviorist theory are found in the work of Louvaas, Wolpe, Paul and other psychologists, and the applications of social-learning theory are examined. 9p., 0 f., 0b. 		  $63
 

04784. "Death in Venice" by Thomas Mann.

This essay interprets Mann's novel as a study in dualism, opposing art and life to the second theme of death. Aschenbach's death is viewed as a sacrifice to beauty. 5 pages, 3 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

04593. The Life and Work of B. F. Skinner.

Good brief biography, though concentrating much more on "life" than "work." Concludes Skinner is actually a philosopher. 7 pages, 7 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

03026. An Experiment in External Inducement of Stress.

Very interesting report. of a student's experiment in psychology; two groups perform the same task, but the first is signalled to start by soft noise, the second by harsh; second group shows higher heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration rate.. 7 pages, 0 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

02449. B. F. Skinner's Technology of Behavior in "Walden Two".

Skinner's theory of behavioral reinforcement is reviewed, and the ideas in Walden Two. Learning processes involving positive and negative reinforcement, operant conditioning, and other Skinnerian training methods are studied in the context of the book. 11 pages, 6 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. Notes in text. 		  $77
 

02448. B. F. Skinner: A Discussion of Behavioristic Theory.

Overview of what behaviorism is and means, in general rather than technical terms. Includes the "essence" of Skinnerian theory, how this might be shown in a practical situation, and a series of possible criticisms of Skinner. 9 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

00599. A Skinnerian View of Motivation.

Good restatement of Skinner's views on why we get up and go: primary and secondary drives, primary and secondary reinforcers, conditioning schedules and how these come together in the process of socialization are the major topics covered. 10 pages, 1 footnote, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

00594. The Relation of Behavioralism to Political Science Since 1920.

Clear, basic study of behavioralism in the study of political science and how it tried to establish exactitude, only to be supplanted "multimethodological approaches" and a post-behavioral return to moral choice. 9 pages, 4 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $63
 

00586. The Poverty of Behaviorism.

Interesting essay, actually directed towards poli sci rather than psych, which discusses the tendency of social scientists to accept the world as given and to study it without questioning or noticing its values. 12 pages, 13 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

00506. Theories of Personality: Skinner and Rogers.

Good solid summary and comparison of Skinner's behavioralist and Roger's self-awareness theories of the personality; the writer gives Skinner the "explanatory powers" victory in a close heat. On how each would analyze the writer's experience as an ostracized Jew in prep school. 15 pages, 22 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

00089. Scientific Psychology and Determinism.

A general discussion of the problems of necessity and freedom in twentieth century scientific psychology, including a commentary on the views of Freud and Fromm on the significance of choice in the development of a truly "free" will. 10 pages, 0 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

53909. Social Psychology.

The social and psychological theory of human character in social relationships, as opposed to biological theories, is expounded along the lines of Garth and Mills' work. Institutions, organisms and individuals are defined as social processes and psychic structures, and the dimensions of human character are explored. 15 pages, 0 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

53820. Dreams in Our Daily Lives.

Interesting discussion of all aspects of dreams; Freud, Jung, Perls; Rapid Eye Movemtents; interpretations of dreams in other cultures; how dreams have been used in creativity, other suggestions for self-knowledge through dreams. 14 pages, 12 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $98
 

53122. Three Interviews About Death.

Report of a student's interviews with three persons who recently experienced the deaths of loved ones, focusing on their psychological adjustments to the situation. 4 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $28
 

52692. Arthur Koestler and B. F. Skinner on Creativity.

Well-thought-out discussion of two views of the creative process; Skinner sees nothing but application of previously learned behavior, while Koestler presents the case for the existence of sudden insight and other "autonomous" events. 11 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

52489. The General Principle of Punishment.

Good behavioralist learning-theory overview of punishment. How it works in theory and practice; arguments for and against its use on children. 10 pages, 23 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

52056. Some Theories of Human Vigilance With Industrial Applications.

Very good study (with some technical vocabulary) on relation between attention and awareness, and job performance. Thorough discussion of theories of "vigilance" including concepts of "inhibition". "arousal," and "filtering;" how these ideas can be applied in improving training and performance on the job. 13 pages, 19 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

16114. The Development of Behavior.

Basic study of behavior. and how it comes to be.the way it is; identification in the child, reinforcement, communication and learning, and value systems are the main topics discussed. 5 pages, 13 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $35
 

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