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8C. ALTERNATIVE AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

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19071. Online & Distance Education at Public and Private Nonprofit Universities Versus Online Programs at for-Profit Universities.

This paper explores the similarities and differences between online education/distance learning at 4-year degree granting public universities and non-profit private universities versus online education/distance learning at for-profit colleges and universities, considering the implications for student outcomes and student and faculty satisfaction levels. The comparative analysis considers similarities and differences between public/non-profit versus for-profit universities in terms of admissions requirements, types of degrees pursued, pedagogy, academic resources, academic standards, and student outcomes. Concludes that public and private non-profit universities are superior to for-profit schools in quality of programs, range of services, resources, and student satisfaction and outcomes. APA Style. 12 pages, 71 footnotes, 26 bibliographic sources. 3,110 words.

TAGS: online education, distance learning, public universities, for-profit universities, comparative study, admissions, pedagogy, student satisfaction, student outcomes

   $84
 

18334. Vocational Education.

Vocational education (also known as CTE, or Career and Technical Education) arose in the U.S. in the late 19th Century in response to needs for a skilled workforce. It is noted that vocational education today is concerned more with the development of technical skills than manual labor skills. The paper covers the development of vocational education in the U.S., including the negative impact of the 2001 No Child Left Behind Act. It is argued that vocational education should continue to receive federal funding, despite the recent emphasis on academic standards, because it still plays an important role in education and the national economy. KEYWORDS: education American history vocational training No Child Left Behind Act. APA Style. 7 pages, 22 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 1,958 words. 		  $49
 

17749. Facilitating Successful Completion Among Hispanic Second Year College Students.

Although the numbers of US Hispanics enrolling in and obtaining degrees from post-secondary institutions have increased dramatically over the past decade, Hispanic retention and matriculation rates remain low. This paper presents a proposal for a research study investigating the variables influencing retention among Hispanic second-year returning students at a Major University (MU). Prior research investigating post-secondary educational persistence among Hispanics is reviewed. The proposed study will use a qualitative and phenomenological approach with in-depth interviews of 3 MU student groups: Hispanic students that dropped out after their freshman year; Hispanic students with sophomore or junior year status; and 3) Hispanic alumni with a degree from MU. Data will be analyzed using the constant comparative method. KEYWORDS: research design qualitative study interviews hispanic higher education mexican americans college students academic persistence college retention matriculation graduation. Strict APA Style throughout. 15 pages, 69 footnotes, 22 bibliographic sources. 4,434 words. 		  $105
 

17424. History & Evolution of Vocational Education.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the history and evolution of vocational education in the United States. The social, economic, political and educational influences leading to the passage of the 1917 Smith-Hughes Vocational Education Act are discussed. The paper identifies the major educational theorists and outlines the ideas that shaped the development of vocational education. The evolution of vocational education through the 20th century and into this century is traced. The paper looks at how vocational educational programs and their underlying philosophies have changed to meet new social, economic, and technological demands. KEYWORDS: vocational education tech-prep educational reform Perkins Act. 11 pages, 31 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources. 2,882 words. 		  $77
 

17222. The College Grading System.

This paper describes the arguments against using the contemporary system of college grading based on letter grades. Argues that despite its shortcomings, the existing system (letter grades) is still superior to the proposed alternatives. The “grade inflation” controversy is addressed, and suggestions are made for using grades as a positive force in higher education. Keywords: college students evaluation methods grading systems inflation. 6 pages; 17 footnotes; 7 bibliographic sources. 1,445 words. 		  $42
 

15914. The Supreme Court and Affirmative Action.

This paper examines to Supreme Court cases involve reverse discrimination charges at the University of Michigan (Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger). In one decision, the Court held that race can be used as a factor in the effort to attain diversity in higher education. In the other decision, the Court held that race cannot be used as a basis for awarding ‘points’ to qualify for admission. 10 pages; 26 footnotes; 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

15626. Math Teacher Development and Training.

This paper presents a rationale and design for a mathematics staff development symposium for beginning math teachers in a private school community and/or district. The symposium aims at imparting practical and theoretical knowledge necessary for effective mathematics teaching. The first section presents the rationale for the symposium through the use of a review of the literature on effective mathematics teaching, problems in existing match teacher preparation, and current trends in math teacher in-service training. Based on the problems and opportunities identified in this literature review, the symposium objectives are then presented. The next section details the general parameters of the program, its application to the district/community as a whole as well as to individual teachers; the program's foundation on the principles of adult development and learning; and the role of administration and parents. The final sections of the paper present a detailed outline of the proposed symposium, including a timeline and detailed methods of several aspects of the plan. KEYWORDS: teacher training mathematics education. APA Style. 25 pages, 51 footnotes, 34 bibliographic sources. 6,489 words. 		  $133
 

15238. University Sexual Harassment Codes.

This paper considers whether university sexual harassment policies violate the First Amendment (free speech) rights of professors' and students. Reviews existing case law on academic freedom, First Amendment rights of public employees, and applicable university sexual harassment cases. Concludes that a First Amendment challenge to the vague "hostile environment" standards in these policies is possible. KEYWORDS: first amendment free speech sexual harassment codes university academic freedom. APA Style. 15 pages, 64 footnotes, 41 bibliographic sources (including cases). 5,053 words. 		  $105
 

14024. Meningitis in College Students.

This termpaper provides an overview and analysis of the problem of meningitis outbreaks among college students. The paper begins with an overview of meningococceal disease in terms of its pathophysiology and general epidemiology. The second part of the essay focuses specifically on meningitis in the college student population, examining the epidemiology of the disease in this population and assessing current medical knowledge and public health policy concerning meningitis in the college student population. KEYWORDS: college students transmittable disease meningitis outbreak term paper. 14 pages, 49 footnotes, 23 bibliographic references. 4,479 words. 		  $98
 

14013. The Affirmative Action Controversy and the University of Michigan.

A paper on the reverse discrimination lawsuits facing the university and its defense of a policy that seeks greater diversity in education, on the basis that diversity benefits not just minority students but all students and society as a whole. Six of the sources used are expert testimonies obtained directly from the University of Michigan web site. 11 pages, 23 footnotes, 9 bibliographic references. 		  $77
 

13835. Stress and College Students.

Considers the merits of the argument that the typical college experience today has been transformed from an exciting time to explore and experiment with new ideas and possibilities to a pressure-filled and competitive nightmare. Rejects the basic premise of recently changing conditions found in this argument, maintaining instead that college students have long faced stresses related to high tuition and fees, parental and economic pressure to succeed, guilt and frustration over academic work, and the lack of free time. 4 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic sources. 		  $28
 

13027. Leadership and the Community College President.

This report focuses on the role of the community college president. Following a brief review of the administrative organization of the community college, the investigation considers the duties, responsibilities, and activities of the community college president in light of both environmental challenges and administrative realities. 14 pages, 34 footnotes, 23 bibliographic sources. 		  $98
 

12671. Updating Technology in Community Colleges.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the challenge of updating technology at American community colleges. The analysis begins with an overview of the need for computer technology in our nation's community colleges. This is followed by a survey of major existing and potential applications of computing technology in the community college, and an assessment of the current technological status of community colleges. The concluding section considers costs and makes recommendations on implementation. 12 pages, 29 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

12669. Problems in Higher Education.

This paper provides a survey of current problems in U.S. higher education, grouped within four general categories - historical, economic, political, and social. Specific problems discussed include issues of access and equity, quality of education, rising college costs, the debate over the reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, the affirmative action controversy, gender equity in college athletics, and student drug/alcohol abuse. 15 pages, 42 footnotes, 29 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

12415. The Economics of Education.

This paper examines the economics of higher education, looking at the details of the recent cost increases and exploring the various explanations for the escalation. The analysis begins with a detailed overview of recent trends and current costs in higher education and is followed by an examination of the major "push factors" driving the increase in costs and a consideration of the veracity of the various explanations for why higher education has become so expensive. A concluding section looks briefly at the economic returns to higher education. 19p. + appendix, 23f., 20b. 		  $133
 

11936. The Controversy Over Mandatory Continuing Education.

This paper provides a summary and analysis of the case for and against mandatory continuing education for professionals. Following a review of its definition and history, the investigation summarizes the arguments for and against MCPE. The conclusion makes recommendation for reform and future action. 12 pages, 34 footnotes, 22 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

11902. The Humanities as a Barometer of the Human Condition.

Presents a defense of the liberal arts curriculum as a vital measure of the condition of man and his culture. Includes an examination of art, literature and painting as cultural references and as useful reflections of life, past and present. Concludes with a call for the humanities to reassert their position in the university and in society at large. 29 pages, 27 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

11396. Sexual Harassment in Higher Education.

Investigates the problem of sexual harassment in higher education. Following a discussion and analysis of the definition and meaning of sexual harassment (in legal and practical terms), the analysis looks at the problem in higher education. The causes of sexual harassment, including the contributions of differences in male/female perceptions of harassment, gender inequality and academic culture are discussed. The final section of the paper examines "model" programs of sexual harassment prevention and makes recommendations for school sexual harassment policies and grievance procedures. 20 pages, 32 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

10315. Initiation: Primitive Societies vs. College Fraternities.

Compares initiation rites in primitive societies with initiation practics in contemporary college fraternities. The analysis looks at specific rituals in the initiation process, with a focus on rituals involving physical abuse or hazing. The aspects of violence and physical abuse are also considered within the context of the male societies' sexual antagonism. 15p., 20f, 12b. 		  $105
 

09753. The Crisis in Higher Education.

Summary and analysis of two books dealing with the current situation in higher education: Allan Bloom's The Closing of the American Mind and Mortimer J. Adler's Reforming Education: The Opening of the American Mind. 16 pages, 2 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $112
 

09503. National Service.

5 pages, 7 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. See Section 19B. 		  $35
 

09130. "The Berkeley Squeeze: The Future of Affirmative Action."

Critical analysis of this article from The New Republic which examines University of California's inability to accommodate Asian American applicants. Considers the author's viewpoint, study methodology, and possibilities for improvement. 5 pages, 4 footnotes, l bibliographic source. 		  $35
 

09129. "Diversity or Discrimination? Asian Americans in College."

Critical analysis of Bunzel and Au's article in "The Public Interest" which investigates whether or not admissions policies at major Ivy League universities discriminate against Asian Americans. Considers study significance, authors' bias, validity of methodology, and possibilities for improvement. 4 pages, 6 footnotes, l bibliographic source. 		  $28
 

08917. The Community College Mission.

Traces the history, purpose, and components of the community college in the U.S. Considerable attention is devoted to new social trends (decline of the transfer function, the growing number of ESL students, the need for vocational education) which impact the community college's mission. 7 pages, 15 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

07103. The Rise and Fall of the Iranian Student Population in the United States.

Survey of Iranian students in the U.S. and their rise from 997 in 1954 to 51,310 in 1979 and the fall thereafter. Includes description of Iranian history including educational policies, student protest and revolution; life of students in U.S. and political trends while here, fate of students under Khomeini regime. 10 pages, 12 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

06788. The Open Classroom in the United States.

The history of the flexible open-classroom method of teaching is presented in this comprehensive research study. The theoretical background of the movement's success in America is presented, and the struggle for a humane learning environment is commented on. 43p 42f. 17b. With diagrams. 		  $133
 

06777. Senior Citizens and Adult Education.

A thorough study of the development of adult education programs for Senior Citizens, viewed as a creative and productive use of the newly available leisure time in today's society. Academic studies, reports and experiments are reviewed in this report. 15 pages, 13 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

06645. Recent Trends Toward Individualized Instruction in Post-Secondary Education.

This paper describes the post-WW II trend toward an emphasis on individualized instruction and cognitive styles of learning in post-secondary education. An overview, not a critique, is provided here. 6 pages, 2 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $42
 

06376. Student-Faculty Informal Contact and College Persistence.

This paper is a report on a study by Ernest T. Pescarella and Patrick T. Terenzini titled "Student-Faculty Informal Contact and College Persistence: A Further Investigation". This work summarizes the authors findings which indicate that there is in fact a partial corralation between persistance/withdrawal decisions and freshman social contact with faculty. This is simply a report, not a critique of the work. 6 pages, 4 footntoes, 3 bibliographic sources. 1,385 words. 		  $42
 

04753. Faculty-Administration Conflicts in Community Colleges.

Clever examination of the legitimacy of authority of the administration of community colleges, centering on a survey done among faculty members by the writer; they are found to have diffuse but significant dissatisfaction with the administration. 19 pages, 20 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

04580. The New Left's Critique of the American University: 1967-1971.

Very solid overview of protest and reform, written 1977; includes summary of New Left views on the university as corporation, racism, militarism, relevancy and social responsibility; university responses and lasting reforms that have come about. 15 pages, 23 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

04550. Reverse Discrimination at Uc Davis.

Basic overview of the Bakke case challenging affirmative action admissions programs; studies previous court decision such as DeFunis to argue that minority admissions programs should be allowed. 6p., Sf., sb. 		  $42
 

04478. Asian-Americans Admissions Policy at Boalt Hall.

Very critical study of special admissions programs at UC Berkeley's law school. General overview of the program; why those Asian-Americans selected are not representative enough, the problem of the Bakke decision which threatens to cut out all special admissions, suggestions for improvement ( from community service viewpoint.) 11p., 17f., Ob. 		  $77
 

04103. The Berkeley Rebellion and Beyond by Wolin and Schaar.

The failure of the liberal education to meet the demands of a modern society are examined in this review of a book on the University community. Sp., Of., Ob. 		  $35
 

04069. An Ideal Education.

Very good essay on the problems of outlining what constitutes an ideal education,, for all circumstances; comes out firmly for greater opportunities and more specific skill training. 8p., Of., Ob. 		  $56
 

03345. Alternative Education in the Bay Area.

Very good overview of the free school movement in the San Francisco region, with detailed descriptions of several of the best-known free schools; good discussion of the philosophy of and future hopes for the free school movement. 17p., Of., 12b. 		  $119
 

03258. Reviews of Eight Books on Higher Education.

Eight short but solid book reviews, most of which deal with the philosophical crises of education at the end of the ' 60's; the works covered are The American University, by Narzun, Higher Education in 20th Cent. America, by BeVane; Dissent and Disruption by the Carnegie Commission; Problems of Colleges Founded for Negroes by the Carnegie commission; Crises in California Higher Education by Coons; Campus 1980 by Eurich, Development and Scope of Higher Education in the U. S. by Hofstadter and Hardy; The Academic Revolution by Jencks and Riesman. 16p., Of., ob. 		  $112
 

02153. Summerhill.

A study of the experimental school in England, with regard to its origin, philosophy, and influence on the techniques of education. The relaxed and self-governing regimen of the school are examined and A. S. Neill's personal beliefs are commented on, viewing education as a process of preparation for life. 20 pages, 21 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

02138. The Organization and Operation of a Free University.

Very thorough study of all aspects of planning, implementing, and operating a free university, from general philosophy to publicity and finances. 23p. text, Of., Ob., 16p. sample materials from Lansing, Mich. Free U. 		  $133
 

02137. The Free System of Education.

Good, optimistic proposal for a free school based on the principles of Summerhill. 8p., sf., 4b. 		  $56
 

02134. A Critique of Education and the Barricades by Frankel.

A restatement of the arguments over disruption of campus life and academic responsibility during the Vietnam War era; good balanced treatment of the subject. 4p., Of., Ob. 		  $28
 

02126. The Philosophy of the Community Colleges.

Study of the emergence of the community college, concentrating on the justifications of their existence; their role as centers of educational innovation. 5p., Of., 4b. 		  $35
 

02120. On Academic Freedom.

Laudatory essay on the historical background of academic freedom (there hasn't really been much), why it is needed in today's universities and in our democratic society. 14 pages, 31 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 		  $98
 

01888. A Description of the College Education System.

Interesting essay which tries to treat the university as a cog in the greater social machine; form a radical perspective. 6 pages, 0 footnotes, 0 bibliographic source. 		  $42
 

01769. The Future of the Free Schools Movement.

Basic discussion of the fact that free schools are not perfect,; some rules are necessary after all, racism, sexism, other cultural stereotypes don't disappear of their own accord. Sp., Of., 3b. 		  $35
 

01506. Outline for a Holistic Approach to Education.

Restatement of the ideal way to run a school; self-directed study and free choice to form a student who is informed, self-reliant, dignified and autonomous. Gives basic considerations for English, math and science curricula, grades 1-12. lOp., Of. Ob. 		  $70
 

00948. Open Education.

Basic optimistic argument for open education to stimulate the child's desire to learn; schools should be non graded, sympathetic and understanding, learning at child's own pace, older children serving as beneficial models for younger, parent participation, etc. 12 pages, 9 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

00941. "Free Schools" by Jonathan Kozol (A Review).

Good, subjective, book review of this guide to setting up a free school; generally favorable, but gives Kozol's political assumptions some questioning. 6 pages, 0 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $42
 

00768. Pragmatism.

A general discussion of the pragmatist educational philosophy, with an emphasis on the existential goals of possibility and achievement in the pupil. The teacher-student relationship is considered in philosophical terms. lOp., Of., Ob. 		  $70
 

00167. The Model School.

Basic discussion of how programmed learning, the open classroom, and proper teaching techniques could be combined to create a model school. 16 pages, 5 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $112
 

53869. Student Personnel Services and Practices.

Basic overview of student service departments of junior colleges what they do, why they do it, how much it costs. 7 pages, 10 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $49
 

53810A. A Criteria for the School of the Future.

Essay on the philosophical bases of a perfect school, self-actualization variety. 6p., Of., Ob. 		  $42
 

53414. The Mature Working Student in College.

General overview of why people over 30 attend college; new vistas in general, specific vocational goals. Focuses on the problem of limited job availability in modern world, sacrifices the mature person must make to attend college. 8 pages, 13 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $56
 

53117A. Pros and Cons of the Open Classroom.

Good discussion of what the open classroom concept is all about;, much more on the pros than cons. lOp., 9f., Ob. 		  $70
 

52947. The University as an Extension of Adolescence.

Good discussion of the idea that college is only a glorified babysitter for America's aging adolescents. Recognizes that protest has died down, includes critical discussion of pro-traditional education views, hopes that educational alternatives will continue to expand. 16p., 12f., Ob. 		  $112
 

52931. The History of Higher Education for Chicanos.

20 p., 41f., 18b. See Minorities Other Than Blacks. 		  $133
 

52160. Myth and Reality in Higher Education.

Good, well-balanced view of the problems of higher education, based on Kytle's Confrontation: Issues of the '70's. Attacks the idea that college is for everyone, blames lower academic standards on all participants in the system; public, administrators, teachers and students. Sp., Of., Ob. 		  $35
 

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