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7A. U.S. ECONOMY

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19261. Google in Europe: Competition Policy in the Digital Era Harvard Business School Case Study 717004 Solution.

NEW, FALL 2016. This paper provides a Berkeley Research case study analysis and solution to a Harvard Business School business and governmental relations case study by Laura Phillips Sawyer on Google’s position with respect to competition policy and business-government relations in the European Union. The case analysis includes problem identification, problem analysis, discussion of alternatives, and recommendations. APA Style, 12 pages, 8 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources.

TAGS: Google in Europe case study solution, international business, competition policy, antitrust, business-government relations, tech industry, European Union

   $84
 

18788. The Gold Standard in the International Economic System.

This paper discusses the rise and decline of the gold standard in the international monetary system. Starting in the late nineteenth century, the gold standard was seen as an effective way to unite the economies of the world’s nations. However, the gold standard was eventually dropped because it encouraged monetary authorities to place national interests above domestic interests, and governments were not always able to maintain the gold reserves needed to back up their currencies. TAGS: economics term paper, international finance, monetary systems, gold standard research paper. MLA Style. 6 pages, 15 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 1,407 words. 		  $42
 

18687. Credit-Rating Agencies and the Global Financial Crisis.

This paper addresses the role of credit-rating agencies (such as Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, AM Best and Fitch) in triggering the global financial crisis during the summer of 2007. The agencies had pooled securitized mortgages with high ratings at the same time that lenders were selling subprime loans to homeowners with bad credit. When homeowners began to default on their loans, the agencies downgraded the ratings, which triggered a negative reaction among lenders as well as investors. It is argued that the financial crisis stemmed from conflicts of interest, a lack of competition, and the complexities in understanding pooled investments. Recommendations are offered for reforming the system. Includes outline. KEYWORDS: bond credit rating agency subprime mortgage crisis CRAs collateralized debt obligations financial housing crisis. APA Style. 12 pages, 45 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 3,085 words. 		  $84
 

18562. Critique: Chapter 10, Heaven’S Door: Immigration Policyand the American Economy by George Borjas.

This paper provides a review and critique of a chapter in the noted Harvard economist’s book on immigration policy and its impact on the U.S. economy. In the chapter under review, Borjas defines his view of the appropriate goals of American immigration policy and makes the case for a policy which focuses on economic needs of native-born Americans. Considerable merit is found in Borjas’ argument that immigration policy should take the needs of the native American worker as a starting point, although Borjas is found to have weakened his arguments with his ambiguous language. KEYWORDS: immigration policy borjas immigration costs job loss displacement native workers economic impact immigrants. MLA Style. 6 pages, 9 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 1,397 words. 		  $42
 

18555. Clinton’S Welfare Reform.

This paper is concerned with the reform of the U.S. welfare system, which began in 1996 with passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) and implementation of the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program. It is argued that the reform has not been successful. Even though welfare caseloads have been reduced, many of the former welfare recipients have been unable to get jobs that are sufficient for supporting their families. The paper addresses recommendations that have been made for how policymakers can improve the effort in the future. KEYWORDS: Clinton administration welfare reform 1996 PRWORA TANF. MLA Style. 11 pages, 24 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 2,586 words. 		  $77
 

18459. Mortgage Guarantee Programs and the Subprime Crisis Harvard Business School Case Study 9-Cmr-414.

This paper provides a case analysis and case solution to a Harvard financial management and policy analysis case study by Dwight M. Jaffee and Michael Quigley concerning the American system of mortgage finance, insurance and credit guarantees for housing, looking in particular at federal programs (FHA, VA, and GSE) and the subprime mortgage crisis. The paper includes problem identification, problem analysis, identification and assessment of alternative solutions, and recommendations. KEYWORDS: subprime housing mortgage market case study case solution federal housing administration FHA veterans administration VA government sponsored enterprises GSEs predatory lending mortgage markets government intervention credit crisis. APA Style. 10 pages, 11 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources.
About Berkeley Research Case Solutions: Berkeley Research has offered authoritative case solutions to Harvard Business School case studies since 1984. We also feature solutions to case studies from other leading graduate business schools including Stanford, Darden, Wharton and Ivey. Our case solutions feature in-depth analysis drawing on appropriate analytical tools including S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. and Five Forces analyses, and include secondary references from scholarly journals and leading business periodicals. We do not offer student-written essays; all of our case solutions are professionally written by MBA and DBA –degreed writers with proven aptitude and long experience in writing insightful case solutions. Unlike other case solutions made available on the Internet without competent evaluation of their merits, Berkeley Research case solutions are peer reviewed by a panel of case analysts prior to being offered on our website. The strongest and most gratifying endorsement of the quality of our case solutions comes from our customers: over two-thirds of our case study sales are made to repeat customers, graduate students and executives enrolled in some of the most distinguished and selective graduate business programs, and who necessarily set a high bar for analytical rigor and expository clarity. The Berkeley Research case study solution is a premium product intended for a discerning audience.
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18458. Executive Pay and the Credit Crisis of 2008 Harvard Business School Case Study 9-109-036.

This paper provides a Berkeley Research case analysis and case solution to a Harvard case study by V.G. Naravanan, Farizio Ferri and Lisa Brem concerning the real and perceived role of excessive executive pay and severance packages at firms implicated in the 2008 credit crisis. The paper includes problem identification, problem analysis, identification and assessment of alternatives, and recommendations. KEYWORDS: credit crisis case study executive pay case solution compensation management executive compensation emergency economic stabilization act credit microcredit credit risk government regulation oversight public companies. APA Style. 11 pages, 10 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.
About Berkeley Research Case Solutions: Berkeley Research has offered authoritative case solutions to Harvard Business School case studies since 1984. We also feature solutions to case studies from other leading graduate business schools including Stanford, Darden, Wharton and Ivey. Our case solutions feature in-depth analysis drawing on appropriate analytical tools including S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. and Five Forces analyses, and include secondary references from scholarly journals and leading business periodicals. We do not offer student-written essays; all of our case solutions are professionally written by MBA and DBA –degreed writers with proven aptitude and long experience in writing insightful case solutions. Unlike other case solutions made available on the Internet without competent evaluation of their merits, Berkeley Research case solutions are peer reviewed by a panel of case analysts prior to being offered on our website. The strongest and most gratifying endorsement of the quality of our case solutions comes from our customers: over two-thirds of our case study sales are made to repeat customers, graduate students and executives enrolled in some of the most distinguished and selective graduate business programs, and who necessarily set a high bar for analytical rigor and expository clarity. The Berkeley Research case study solution is a premium product intended for a discerning audience.
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18457. u.s. Subprime Mortgage Crisis: Policy Reactions (A) Harvard Business School Case Study 708036.

This paper provides a Berkeley Research case analysis and case solution to a financial management and policy analysis Harvard case study by Laura Alfaro and Renee Kim concerning the U.S. Federal Reserve Board and U.S. Government policies to address the subprime mortgage crisis. The time setting for the case is March of 2008. The paper includes problem identification, problem analysis with industry analysis, identification and assessment of alternatives, and recommendations. See also paper 18367 for an analysis of the companion Harvard case 709045: US Subprime Mortgage Crisis: Policy Reactions (B). KEYWORDS: subprime mortgage case study solution fiscal monetary policy us federal reserve lending practices bear stearns jp morgan chase interest rates globalization financial crisis housing market collapse financial services regulation collateralized debt obligations cdo arm home loans. APA Style. 11 pages, 21 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 3,150 words.
About Berkeley Research Case Solutions: Berkeley Research has offered authoritative case solutions to Harvard Business School case studies since 1984. We also feature solutions to case studies from other leading graduate business schools including Stanford, Darden, Wharton and Ivey. Our case solutions feature in-depth analysis drawing on appropriate analytical tools including S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. and Five Forces analyses, and include secondary references from scholarly journals and leading business periodicals. We do not offer student-written essays; all of our case solutions are professionally written by MBA and DBA –degreed writers with proven aptitude and long experience in writing insightful case solutions. Unlike other case solutions made available on the Internet without competent evaluation of their merits, Berkeley Research case solutions are peer reviewed by a panel of case analysts prior to being offered on our website. The strongest and most gratifying endorsement of the quality of our case solutions comes from our customers: over two-thirds of our case study sales are made to repeat customers, graduate students and executives enrolled in some of the most distinguished and selective graduate business programs, and who necessarily set a high bar for analytical rigor and expository clarity. The Berkeley Research case study solution is a premium product intended for a discerning audience.
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18367. u.s. Subprime Mortgage Crisis: Policy Reactions (B) Harvard Business Case Study 709045.

This paper provides a Berkeley Research case analysis and case solution to a Harvard Business School case study by Laura Alfaro and Renee Kim on policy reactions to the U.S. subprime mortgage. The case study focuses on responses to the crisis made by the new Barack Obama administration in 2009, including the $787 billion stimulus package. The paper includes problem statement, problem analysis, identification of and assessment of alternatives, and recommendations. See also paper 18457 for an analysis of the companion Harvard case 708036: US Subprime Mortgage Crisis: Policy Reactions (A). KEYWORDS: case studies case solution subprime mortgages federal reserve board fiscal policy monetary policy crisis communication stimulus package. 11 pages, 8 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources.
About Berkeley Research Case Solutions: Berkeley Research has offered authoritative case solutions to Harvard Business School case studies since 1984. We also feature solutions to case studies from other leading graduate business schools including Stanford, Darden, Wharton and Ivey. Our case solutions feature in-depth analysis drawing on appropriate analytical tools including S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. and Five Forces analyses, and include secondary references from scholarly journals and leading business periodicals. We do not offer student-written essays; all of our case solutions are professionally written by MBA and DBA –degreed writers with proven aptitude and long experience in writing insightful case solutions. Unlike other case solutions made available on the Internet without competent evaluation of their merits, Berkeley Research case solutions are peer reviewed by a panel of case analysts prior to being offered on our website. The strongest and most gratifying endorsement of the quality of our case solutions comes from our customers: over two-thirds of our case study sales are made to repeat customers, graduate students and executives enrolled in some of the most distinguished and selective graduate business programs, and who necessarily set a high bar for analytical rigor and expository clarity. The Berkeley Research case study solution is a premium product intended for a discerning audience.
   $77
 

18366. Fannie Mae: Public or Private? Harvard Business Case Study 709025.

This paper provides a Berkeley Research case analysis and case solution to a Harvard Business School case study by David A. Moss and Cole Bolton on the Federal National Mortgage Association, better known as Fannie Mae. The case takes a historical perspective, examining President Ronald Reagan’s President’s Commission on Privatization and its 1987 recommendation to restructure Fannie Mae into a fully private firm. The paper includes problem statement, problem analysis, identification and assessment of alternatives, recommendations and implementation plan. KEYWORDS: case studies case solution fannie mae federal government privatization government sponsored enterprises restructuring securities markets mortgages business history business and government banking. APA Style. 12 pages, 9 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
About Berkeley Research Case Solutions: Berkeley Research has offered authoritative case solutions to Harvard Business School case studies since 1984. We also feature solutions to case studies from other leading graduate business schools including Stanford, Darden, Wharton and Ivey. Our case solutions feature in-depth analysis drawing on appropriate analytical tools including S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. and Five Forces analyses, and include secondary references from scholarly journals and leading business periodicals. We do not offer student-written essays; all of our case solutions are professionally written by MBA and DBA –degreed writers with proven aptitude and long experience in writing insightful case solutions. Unlike other case solutions made available on the Internet without competent evaluation of their merits, Berkeley Research case solutions are peer reviewed by a panel of case analysts prior to being offered on our website. The strongest and most gratifying endorsement of the quality of our case solutions comes from our customers: over two-thirds of our case study sales are made to repeat customers, graduate students and executives enrolled in some of the most distinguished and selective graduate business programs, and who necessarily set a high bar for analytical rigor and expository clarity. The Berkeley Research case study solution is a premium product intended for a discerning audience.
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18225. Agriculture and the Threat of Terrorism.

This paper is concerned with the problem of “agro-terrorism” (the use of terrorism to disrupt the nation’s food supply). This threat is complicated by the openness and interconnectedness of the “food chain”(the various steps in moving food from farm to table). It is argued that the government needs to do more to protect the security of the food supply and the nation’s people. Some recommendations are provided to help accomplish this goal. KEYWORDS: agriculture terrorism government policy. APA Style. 18 pages, 43 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $126
 

18222. Heaven’S Door (George J. Borjas).

This paper reviews and critiques chapter 10 of Borjas’ book, which is concerned with the economic impact of America’s immigration policy. The author argues that the current policy, based on allocating visas to immigrants with family ties in the nation, displaces native-born workers and burdens the nation’s welfare system. Instead, there should be a policy based on accepting immigrants that have desirable skills. The reviewer agrees with Borjas’ basic argument that America’s immigration policy should provide more protection to native-born citizens. KEYWORDS: book review immigration policy economics. MLA Style. 5 pages, 13 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $35
 

18105. The Dollar, the Pound, the Euro, and the Yen.

This paper discusses the relative value and performance of these four major currencies (as of 2006), and examines the possible reasons for changes in their relative value over time. Based on their recent performance, no drastic changes are expected in the relative value of the currencies in the upcoming future. The paper includes a chart that compares the relative values of the currencies from May 2004 to May 2006. KEYWORDS: international economics currencies U.S. dollar British pound European Union euro Japanese yen. MLA Style. 11 pages, 31 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 2,640 words. 		  $77
 

18030. Problem of High Oil Prices.

This paper addresses the fact that oil prices have been increasing at a dramatic rate in recent years. Taking an economic perspective on the topic, it is noted that the classic laws of supply and demand are not adequate for explaining the situation. This is basically because oil is a product of low price elasticity. It is a necessity and thus demand does not decline with a rise in prices. In addition, because of supply disruptions, there has not been an increase in supply despite the incentive of higher prices. The paper also considers the roles of OPEC and market investors in inflating oil prices. KEYWORDS: economics supply and demand oil prices oil pricing. MLA Style. 6 pages, 13 footnotes in text, 6 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

17750. u.s. Auto Industry: Problems & Prospects.

Following a brief overview of the structure and current conditions in the U.S. auto industry, this paper considers the reasons behind the deplorable state of the industry (particularly GM and Ford) and considers possible solutions to address these problems. The major reasons behind the industry’s decline are found to include a lack of brand focus and definition; high labor and “legacy” (i.e., pension, benefits) costs; unwise labor commitments such as the JOBS Bank; bureaucratic operating structures; inefficient supplier relationships; ineffective management; and failures to respond quickly to changing market and environmental conditions, including changing conditions related to rising fuel costs. In order to survive and to potentially thrive in years to come, the two flagging competitors in the industry must simultaneously cut costs and increase revenues. Cost-cutting will be painful but even if successful, GM and Ford face enormous challenges in designing, producing and marketing vehicles that customers will want to buy. KEYWORDS: automobile industry automakers carmakers gm general motors ford motor company uaw legacy costs labor marketing quality control. APA Style. 16 pages, 81 footnotes, 61 bibliographic sources. 5,890 words. 		  $112
 

17704. The Cost and Economic Impact of Hurricanes Katrina & Rita.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the likely cost and economic impact of the hurricanes that hit the Gulf Coast in August and September of 2005. The investigation considers both the costs and economic impact within regions directly affected by the storms as well as the potential national and international impact of the disaster. The paper begins with a discussion of the controversy over the early estimates on Katrina’s costs and a brief overview of the difficulties in estimating costs and/or economic impact in the period immediately following a disaster. KEYWORDS: disaster hurricane storm economic impact cost energy prices. APA Style. 13 pages, 56 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources. 3,069 words. 		  $91
 

17617. Securities & Exchange Commission (Sec).

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC). Following a brief history of the SEC, the paper describes the purpose of the Commission, its organizational structure, its major divisions and operations, and its major activities over the past few decades. The paper also discusses the impact of recent laws on the SEC, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act which was passed in response to various accounting fraud and securities fraud scandals. Includes FREE annotated bibliography. KEYWORDS: SEC securities and exchange commission Sarbanes oxley. MLA Style. 8 pages, 23 footnotes, 10 annotated bibliographic sources. 2,632 words. 		  $56
 

17584. Oil Prices.

This paper analyzes how oil prices are related to the law of supply and demand. While the law of supply and demand says that higher prices will decrease demand for a particular commodity and create an incentive for producers to increase their supplies, these rules have not applied to oil prices in the 2000s. Notable in 2005 was the fact that despite high oil prices, demand remained strong. The concluding section explores the possibilities/difficulties in developing alternative fuels. KEYWORDS: oil prices oil supply demand alternative fuel. MLA Style. 7 pages, 21 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 1,667 words. 		  $49
 

17568. Nixon and the Gold Standard.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of President Richard Nixon’s August 15, 1971 decision to end the gold standard as part of the president’s broader “new economic program”. Following a description of the historical background of the gold standard and the Bretton Woods system, the analysis considers the factors contributing to American economic decline in the early 1970s and the reasons why Nixon sought to address some economic problems through the elimination of the gold standard. Concludes that the decision to end the gold standard had negative economic consequences for the United States and for stability in the international monetary system. KEYWORDS: gold standard bretton woods international monetary system us economy 1970s president Richard Nixon monetary policy. MLA Style. 24 pages, 63 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

17375. Mass Consumption, 1880-1940: A Comparative View: The United States & Western Europe.

This essay examines and analyzes the key characteristics of American mass consumerism during the period 1880-1940 and considers how this mass consumerism compared to mass consumption in Britain and Western Europe during this period. The investigation looks at the social, political, and economic aspects of mass consumerism during this period and considers some of the ways in which consumption patterns and responses were affected by class, race, and gender. It is argued that the basic drivers of mass consumption and basic markers of its development were quite similar in all the countries observed, although the timing of the emergence of mass consumption often differed markedly between the countries. The role of the state in shaping consumerism and the emergence of some variation of a “citizen consumer” is another commonality noted. Despite many similarities in the basic patterns of mass consumption that emerged in America and in the industrialized nations of Western Europe, it is argued that national culture, history, population, geography, economy and politics provided a unique character to mass consumption as it emerged in each of the countries examined. KEYWORDS: mass consumption consumerism mass consumerism comparative western European american. APA Style. 26 pages, 78 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources. 7,572 words. 		  $133
 

17350. “the Underclass” by Ken Auletta (A Book Review).

This paper provides a review and critique of this book about the underclass in American society which the author, an investigative journalist, defines as the approximately one-third of the nation’s poor who are unable “to climb out of poverty after a generation or two.” Although Auletta uses numerous facts and statistics in his research, the most notable feature of the book is its inclusion of the personal viewpoints of people that he observed and interviewed during the years 1979-1980. While Auletta’s analysis of the underlying factors involved in poverty is perhaps weakened by the fact that he a journalist, not a sociologist or economist, Auletta nonethless presents a thorough, well-researched overview of the underclass problem, with useful insights for both the professional reader and the general reader alike. KEYWORDS: poverty causes lower class underclass race poor book review. 6 pages, 6 footnotes in text, 1 bibliographic source. 		  $42
 

17317. Real Estate Development Opportunities.

This research study explores opportunities in real estate development, specifically comparing commercial real estate and multifamily housing from a developer’s standpoint. After an introduction, the second chapter provides general background information on real estate development, investment, and recent economic conditions. In addition, the pros and cons of investing in both multifamily housing and commercial real estate are addressed. The third chapter of the study provides a detailed discussion of the findings in the literature regarding investment and development opportunities for both multifamily housing and commercial real estate (office, industrial/warehouse, and retail). The concluding chapter summarizes the basic findings and provide recommendations on which type of investment (multifamily or commercial) is best for a developer to pursue in today’s market. Evidence in the real estate trade literature supported the study hypothesis that commercial real estate presents a more attractive investment opportunity than the development of multifamily housing. KEYWORDS: commercial real estate development multi-family housing development investment opportunities comparative study. 32 pages, 73 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources. 7,800 words. 		  $133
 

17209. The Failed Promise of Mergers and Takeovers.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the finding that mergers and takeovers seldom produce the improvements in performance which their advocates suggest. The analysis identifies and considers the strengths and limitations of the performance measures used to judge the effectiveness of mergers and takeovers. The investigation considers the major reasons why mergers and takeovers do not produce their expected improvements in performance. Finally, the analysis considers some of the actions that managers can take to improve the likely success of mergers and takeovers. KEYWORDS: mergers acquisitions hostile takeovers organizational culture clash success failure M&A. 17 pages, 47 footnotes, 32 bibliographic sources. 4,544 words. 		  $119
 

17194. Marine Container Security and Inspection Pre- and Post-9/11.

This report provides an overview and analysis of ocean-going container security and inspection at U.S. ports. Following an overview of the scope of the container security problem, the analysis looks at how the approach to maritime container security and inspection has changed in the aftermath of 9/11. The major technologies – including gamma-ray, e-seals, pulsed fast neutron analysis, thermal neutron analysis, tracking technologies, and sophisticated x-rays – used in maritime container inspection are identified and discussed. The costs and practicality of these technologies as a means of improving seaport security are considered. Keywords: ports shipping security containers maritime technologies inspection e-seals. 15 pages; 71 footnotes; 25 bibliographic sources. 4,377 words. 		  $105
 

17191. Pat Parker & Associates Harvard Case Study 9393059.

This paper provides a Berkeley Research legal and ethical analysis of a Harvard Business School case (9393059) involving a small research firm specializing in opposition research for political candidates. The legal analysis first summarizes the relevant facts of the case and articulates the critical issues which revolve around copyright law, contract law, and campaign financing law. The applicable legal rules are then identified and discussed. The legal analysis concludes with recommendations on the appropriate legal action. The second part of the paper analyzes ethical issues in this case. The major ethical issues are identified and discussed. Possible ethical alternatives are identified and recommendations for appropriate ethical action stated. Keywords: campaign financing ethics political opposition research copyright contract law case study case solution. 18 pages; 21 footnotes; 12 bibliographic sources. 4,500 words. 		  $126
 

17190. Boeing Company & Organizational Change.

This paper provides a prescriptive overview of organizational change at troubled Boeing Company. Following a description of the company’s operations, structure, and micro and macro environment, an organizational change and development approach is used to diagnose problems at Boeing. Based on the diagnosis, a plan for intervention and implementation of organizational change is outline. Another section considers the evaluation of the recommended change program. The concluding discussion considers the organizational change implications of this case for managers in general and public administrators in particular. Keywords: organizational change Boeing aerospace management development administration. 15 pages; 35 footnotes; 26 bibliographic sources. 4,123 words. 		  $105
 

17189. Managing Product Safety: The Ford Pinto Harvard Case Study 383129.

Drawing primarily on information presented in Harvard Business (1984) case 383129, “Managing Product Safety: The Ford Pinto,” by Kenneth E. Goodpaster and Dekkers L. Davidson, along with supplementary data from business, legal, and news media sources, this paper presents a Berkeley Research legal and ethical analysis of the Ford Pinto product safety case. The focus of the analysis is on Ford’s management of the product safety issues presented in the Pinto case. The first part of the paper presents a legal analysis of the case. This part identifies the relevant facts, critical issues, and appropriate legal rules in the case. Conclusions related to the appropriate legal disposition of the case are delineated. Drawing on the facts presented in the first part of the paper, the second part of the paper explores and analyzes the key ethical issues in this case. Ethical alternatives are identified and the recommendations concerning appropriate ethical action made. Keywords: product safety ethics Ford Pinto automotive product recall case study case solution. 18 pages; 19 footnotes; 11 bibliographic sources. 4,959 words. 		  $126
 

17188. Microsoft Antitrust Lawsuit.

This paper provides a summary overview and analysis of the Microsoft antitrust case (United States v. Microsoft), Civil Action No. 98-1232, U.S. District Court, D.C.). The claims and positions of both parties to the case are identified and explained. The precise charges the government raised against Microsoft are identified, and the legal basis for these charges explained. Microsoft’s responses to the charges are discussed and explained. The procedural (litigation) history of the case is summarized and the terms of the final settlement are reviewed and analyzed. The concluding section offers a personal assessment of the major issues in the case. Keywords: antitrust litigation Microsoft software windows anti-competitive bundling tie-ins. 12 pages; 32 footnotes; 20 bibliographic sources. 3,653 words. 		  $84
 

17179. Aviation & Air Cargo Security.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of current security concerns and issues in the airline and aviation air cargo industry. Following a brief overview of the history of air cargo security, the analysis focuses on the post-September 11th aviation security environment. Security measures implemented in the aftermath of the attacks, including the ‘known shipper’ program and restrictions on some air cargo in passenger planes are described and discussed in terms of their strengths and limitations. Proposals for additional security measures (e.g., arming air cargo pilots, bomb-proofing cargo compartments, advanced notification, more sophisticated tracking and identification of cargo, x-raying all cargo, etc.) and their implications for the aviation cargo industry are considered. Keywords: aviation security airline security air cargo security terrorist threat technology known shipper. 18 pages; 34 footnotes; 20 bibliographic sources. 4,661 words. 		  $126
 

17176. Us Military Acquisition System.

This paper critically analyzes the organizations, concepts and processes that comprise the defense (military) acquisition machine in the United States. The main part of this paper provides a general overview of the key components, organizations and concepts of the U.S. military acquisition system, including a definition of defense acquisition and its components; a discussion of the role of the key players in the acquisition process (Congress, the Executive Branch, the defense industry) and the special role of DOD (Department of Defense) acquisition program managers and the Defense Acquisition University; a description of the acquisition authority chain; and an overview of the acquisition environment. The concluding part of the paper focuses more closely on military acquisition processes, looking especially at acquisition reform and the move to “evolutionary, knowledge-based” acquisition processes. Keywords: DOD defense military procurement budget. 12 pages; 31 footnotes; 28 bibliographic sources. 3,184 words. 		  $84
 

17173. Comparison of Four North American Shopping Malls.

This paper explores the meaning and importance of shopping malls through a comparison of four North American malls: 1) Mall of America (Bloomington, Minnesota); 2) West Edmonton Mall (Edmonton, Alberta); 3) Woodbury Commons Premium Outlets (Central Valley, New York); and 4) Westfarms Mall (West Hartford, Connecticut). Following a general discussion on the development of shopping malls and their importance, the paper compares and contrasts the four shopping malls in terms of their respective marketing strategies, consumer behavior, social class, and psychographics. Keywords: shopping malls consumerism marketing consumer behavior. 15 pages; 59 footnotes; 23 bibliographic sources. 4,340 words. 		  $105
 

17164. American Mass Consumerism, 1880-1940.

This essay examines and analyzes the key characteristics of American mass consumerism during the period 1880-1940 and considers how this mass consumerism differed from other modes of consumption before the Second World War. The investigation looks at the social, political, and economic aspects of American mass consumerism during this period and considers some of the ways in which consumption patterns and responses were affected by class, race, and most especially, gender. It is argued that American mass consumerism during this period was fused into a political ideology supporting consumerism that helped to foster a belief in mass consumerism as a part of the “American way of life.” 16 pages; 42 footnotes; 17 bibliographic sources. 4,823 words. 		  $112
 

17161. Geographic Information Systems (Gis) for Decision Making.

This paper investigates and discusses the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for decision-making applications in the real world, including real estate development planning, agricultural development, environmental management, urban development, and public management. The existing and potential uses of GIS for decision making in watershed management, environmental protection, agricultural planning, agricultural/non-agricultural land allocation decisions, urban commercial development, and urban planning and management are described and discussed. Limitations and problems in GIS implementation and use within these contexts are also discussed. A concluding section looks at the future of GIS technologies and usages. 13 pages; 37 footnotes; 20 bibliographic sources. 3,586 words. 		  $91
 

17160. Welfare Reform Under President Clinton.

Clinton’s welfare reform law, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, better known as the Welfare Reform Act (WRA) promised to “end welfare as we know it.” This paper examines Clinton’s welfare reform and looks at the results and the impact of the reform on recipients. It is argued that welfare reform should not be viewed as a success. In terms of decreasing poverty and meeting important social goals, welfare reform is a failure. 8 pages; 25 footnotes; 12 bibliographic sources. 2,124 words. 		  $56
 

17158. The High Cost of Prescription Drugs.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the problem of prescription drug costs as well as consideration of the steps that might be taken to address the problem. Following an overview of the scope and components of the problem, the analysis looks at some fo the major reasons behind the high costs of prescription drugs, including the traditional reasons offered by the drug industry and the reasons suggested by consumer advocates and analysts outside of the pharmaceutical industry. Various ideas for controlling prescription drug costs and/or for solving the problem are considered and discussed. The concluding section makes recommendations on the adoption of specific measures aimed at addressing the problem. 11 pages; 34 footnotes; 28 bibliographic sources. 3,450 words. 		  $77
 

17120. Insider Trading Regulation: The Us & Eu.

This paper provides a comparative analysis of insider trading regulations in the United States and the European Union (EU). The United States was selected for analysis because it was the first country to enact significant insider trading laws and today continues to lead the world ion enforcement of insider trading violations. The first part of the paper describes insider trading regulation and enforcement in the U.S. The second part of the paper compares insider trading regulation and enforcement in the EU (both in the EU as a whole and in representative Member States, including the U.K., Germany, Sweden, and Italy) with the system found in the U.S. 12 pages; 61 footnotes; 32 bibliographic sources. 5,076 words. 		  $84
 

17108. A History of the Chrysler Corporation.

This paper provides a history of Chrysler Corporation. The analysis examines the events leading to the founding of the company; traces the early history and accomplishments of the company through the 1920s and 1930s; considers Chrysler’s contributions to the war effort in WWII and the Korea; reflects on Chrysler’s activities and difficulties in the 1950s-1990s; profiles the history and importance of the company’s major automobile divisions (Dodge, Plymouth, Jeep/Eagle, etc.); looks briefly at labor relations at Chrysler; considers Chrysler’s activities outside of the automotive sector (aerospace, real estate, marine, etc.); and comments on the Chrysler legacy. KEYWORDS: Chrysler company history automobile industry. 26 pages; 54 footnotes; 31 bibliographic sources. 6,827 words. 		  $133
 

17107. A Five Forces Analysis of the u.s. Airline Industry.

This paper explores how competitors within the U.S. airline industry could use Porter’s (1980, 1991) Five Forces model to analyze competition within their industry and formulate appropriate strategies. The five forces in the U.S. airline industry are analyzed with reference to recent industry trends (e.g., increasing concentration, entry of new low-cost competitors, application of technology to reduce distribution costs, movement toward global alliances and towards deregulation, evolution of open skies agreements) and recent events in the global environment that have particularly impacted competitors in the U.S. airline industry (e.g., growth of Internet and related technologies, economic recession, and 9/11 terrorist attacks). Keywords: airlines competition Porter recession terrorism technology southwest airlines. 7 pages; 14 footnotes; 12 bibliographic sources. 1,658 words. 		  $49
 

17033. The Analysis of Demand and Supply Factors in Real-Life Situations (Book Review).

This paper examines six research articles on demand and supply issues in such field as education, agriculture, hospitality and law enforcement. The information in the articles is compared with the theoretical models contained in the text “Economics Today” by R.L. Miller. It is then argued that theoretical models need to be adopted before they can be applied to understanding real-life cases. Keywords: economic theory demand supply applied economics. 17 pages; 5 footnotes; 7 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

17009. Corporate Taxation.

This paper argues that the capital outflows caused by corporate taxes have a negative impact on investment and economic growth. Despite reform efforts in the past, there are ongoing problems with the existing tax code. Nonetheless, it is acknowledged that elimination of corporate taxes is unlikely in the near future because of public resistance. In the meantime, there are certain strategies that corporations can use to help reduce their tax burden. Keywords: taxes taxation corporations business tax code reform investment. 16 pages, 44 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $112
 

15959. Strategems in Avoiding Estate Taxes.

This paper discusses the importance of having a will for wealthy individuals and describes various methods for reducing or eliminating estate taxes at the time of death, including the use of tax-free gifts, trusts and charitable donations, among others. KEYWORDS: estate tax death tax estate planning personal finance wealth management. 19 pages; 42 footnotes; 10 bibliographic sources. 4,523 words. 		  $133
 

15946. Cellular Phones.

This paper argues that cellular phones were the most successful product of the 1990s. The paper covers the development of the technology prior to the 1990s, and the growth in the use of cell phones since that time. It also discusses the reasons for the product’s popularity, problems and controversies, and the ongoing search for improvements and new features. KEYWORDS: cell mobile phones history product innovation. 16 pages; 51 footnotes; 15 bibliographic sources. 3,724 words. 		  $112
 

15939. Mcdonald's and Social Responsibility.

This paper discusses the ways that McDonald’s has striven to be an ethical corporation and to thereby attain greater profitability and other positive consequences from its emphasis on social responsibility. Topics discussed include recycling, animal rights, sweepstakes promotions, and the offering of more healthful menu items. KEYWORDS: business ethics corporate social responsibility mcdonalds. 6 pages; 23 footnotes; 8 bibliographic sources. 1,465 words. 		  $42
 

15720. Statistical Studies and the Minimum Wage Issue.

Some studies indicate that increases in the minimum wage reduce employment rates; this paper argues that such papers usually contain "hidden biases" or methodological flaws. In fact, although some questions on the issue remain, carefully controlled studies have not shown a decrease in employment rates when the minimum wage has been increased. 6 pages, 13 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

15704. Profitability & the Changing Structure of Banking.

An analysis of the reasons why U.S. banks have done so well, profit-wise, in the mid- to late-1990's and beyond, despite increasingly tough competition from non-bank financial institutions. Focuses on the effects of interest rates, general economic conditions, mortgage investments, bank credit cards, venture capital funding, ATM's and Internet banking, and merchant banking. 10 pages, 40 footnotes, 30 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

15687. Women & Minorities' Attitudes Towards Unions.

Explores historical and current attitudes of women and minorities towards unions and unionization versus that shown by white males. Traces the history of the growth of minority/female union membership in the U.S., profiles the current demographic composition of union membership, and considers the reasons behind minorities' and women's more favorable attitudes towards unions and greater inclination (versus white males) to join unions in an era when union membership overall has fallen to an all-time low. KEYWORDS: labor unions united states unionization minorities women blacks hispanics asians. APA Style. 11 pages, 35 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources. 3,730 words. 		  $77
 

15666. Local Government in Economic Development: Western Europe vs. North America.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the factors contributing to the historic differences between Western Europe (both as independent nations and as the European Union) and North America (the U.S. and Canada) in the involvement of local government in economic development. The analysis begins with an overview of locally-based economic development and regional policy in the two regions. Following this, the analysis considers some of the specific factors which have contributed to the differences in these two regions' approach to local economic development, considering in particular structural issues (e.g., political-legal structure, population, urban structure, etc.), regional policy objectives, and differences in labor mobility. It will be argued that the European-North American differences in local economic development programs and general approach to regional policy have both been unintentionally shaped by forces related to geography, demography, structure of government and the weight of history, and have been deliberately shaped by each region's formal or defacto regional policy objectives. KEYWORDS: local economic development regional economics local economies governments. 13 pages, 27 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 4,763 words. 		  $91
 

15653. Long-Term Competitive Advantage & Globalization.

This essay analyzes Alfred Chandler's views (as expressed in his 1990 book, Scale and Scope) on managerial enterprise and international comparative advantage with a view towards assessing its relevance and validity for contemporary economic, market, and organizational structures. Considers whether Chandler's views on managerial enterprise rely too heavily on the U.S. ideal to adequately explain the long-term comparative success of nations and their industries. Argues that while Chandler's (1990) historical analysis provides an excellent explanation of the rise of the modern industrial organization and the factors of comparative success from the emergence of the organization in the late 19th Century up until World War II, changes in the global economic structure and concomitant profound shifts in the international competitive environment render much of Chandler's analysis inapplicable to an understanding of contemporary factors in comparative success. 17 pages, 26 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

15630. Wind Power: Today's Most Promising Renewable Energy Source.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the current state and future potential of wind power as a source of energy throughout the world, with particular focus on the use of wind power in the United States. The investigation includes a review of the current state of the art in wind power technology, an overview of the size and scope of the current and potential wind power market, both globally and specifically in the U.S., and an examination of existing and potential barriers to wind power expansions. KEYWORDS: alternative energy wind power markets. 18 pages, 47 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources. 		  $126
 

15446. Business Web Strategies: Business & the Internet.

Written after the Year 2000 dot-com shake-out, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the current business literature on business and the Internet. Considers appropriate and alternative Web strategies for today's businesses. Provides a brief overview of how the Internet works and Web page design; reviews important issues such as product/service selection, Internet marketing, selling on the Web, electronic payment systems, security issues, and legal and ethical issues on the Web. Describes how the central topics/issues above should be incorporated into the prototypical idealized Web-based business. KEYWORDS: business internet web strategy online business. APA Style. 31 pages, 98 footnotes, 49 bibliographic references. 		  $133
 

15239. Henry Ford and Alfred Sloan: From Mass Production to the Modern Managerial Enterprise.

This paper compares and contrasts Henry Ford and Alfred Sloan as top managers and business leaders. The analysis begins with a brief biography and synopsis of each leader's central contributions to management and industry. The subsequent sections present a comparative analysis of the personality, management style, and overall contributions of Henry Ford and Alfred Sloan. In particular, the analysis focuses on the distinctly different approaches these two leaders had to administration, organizational structure, management style, and corporate responses to changing environmental conditions. The concluding section presents a summary comparative analysis and assessment of each man's relative contribution to modern industry and management. KEYWORDS: alfred sloan henry ford general motors ford motor company automobile industry history american management history. APA Style. 17 pages, 38 footnotes, 15 bibliographic references. 		  $119
 

15202. Venture Capitalists and Entrepreneurs.

Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of new and growing businesses using venture capital, from the perspectives of both venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. Includes a discussion of the role of venture capital in the Internet boom of the 1990s, and how the decline in the boom led to a new attitude of caution among venture capitalists. 12 pages, 33 footnotes, 9 bibliographic references. 		  $84
 

15184. The 1929 Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression.

The Crash was not the exclusive cause of the Depression, but it played a contributing role. This paper examines the causes of the Crash, and how it led to new policies by the federal government to regulate the stock market and the nation's business and financial institutions. 7 pages, 22 footnotes, 5 bibliographic references. 		  $49
 

15183. The New York Stock Exchange.

This paper gives the historical background on the NYSE's establishment in 1817 and its growth during the nineteenth century. Also discussed are the impact the NYSE had on business investment practices and its role in making New York a financial center for the nation. 7 pages, 23 footnotes, 5bibliographic references. 		  $49
 

15182. The Transcontinental Telegraph and Transcontinental Railroad.

These two technologies, arising in the 1860s, had an important impact on business and the nation by increasing the flow of information, goods and people. This paper discusses how the telegraph and railroad developed during the late nineteenth century. 7 pages, 18 footnotes, 5 bibliographic references. 		  $49
 

15181. The Ford Motor Company and Mass Production.

A paper on the social and economic impacts of Ford's assembly line, first implemented in 1914. For example, other businesses adopted similar methods for increased productivity, more consumers bought cars, and Ford used some of its profits to improve wages and work conditions. 7 pages, 22 footnotes, 5 bibliographic references. 		  $42
 

15149. The Firestone Tire Recall and Criminal Responsibility.

This paper discusses the year 2000 recall, and the incriminating evidence regarding Firestone's knowledge of fatal accidents, efforts to blame others for the problem, and defects in the manufacturing process. 6 pages, 9 footnotes, 5 bibliographic references. 		  $42
 

15138. The Firestone Tire Recall.

This paper analyzes the handling of the August 9, 2000 Firestone tire recall. The research paper looks at the history of the recall, examining Firestone's own knowledge of the tire problems, Firestone's relationship with Ford, and Firestone's public response following the August 9th recall announcement. Concludes that Firestone missed the opportunity to learn from the mistakes made during the massive 1978 recall of its Firestone 500 tires and the ensuing public relations disaster. KEYWORDS: product recall firestone tires ford motor company roll overs safety term paper. APA Style. 12 pages, 58 footnotes, 28 bibliographic references. 3,720 words. 		  $84
 

15118. Telecommuting.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the current status of telecommuting in the United States. Defines telecommuting and outlines its history, discusses the varieties of telecommuting, its prevalence in certain industries and occupations, and outlines the current scope of telecommuting. Details the impact of telecommuting on workers, managers, and organizations, discussing both the benefits (e.g., productivity increases, reduced overhead costs, better employee retention, improvements in job satisfaction) and downsides (e.g., security issues, safety issues, impact on employee-supervisor relations) to telecommuting. KEYWORDS: telecommuting remote work virtual employment term paper. APA Style. 22 pages, 52 footnotes, 28 bibliographic sources. 5,299 words. 		  $133
 

15074. Small Business Success & Failure.

Based on a review of the scholarly literature, this paper presents an overview and analysis of the key success and failure factors in small business enterprises. Includes a special focus on success/failure in small retail enterprises. Considers the role of financing, human resources, management skills, marketing, personality of the founder, and external factors such as economic considerations and regulatory concerns. KEYWORDS: small business failure success factors term paper. APA Style. 15 pages, 47 footnotes, 27 bibliographic sources. 5,120 words. 		  $105
 

15062. The u.s. Airline Industry: Past, Present & Future.

This paper provides a survey overview of the U.S. airline industry, tracing its history through the regulated era (1920-1978), analyzing the objectives and scope of the 1978 Airline Deregulation Act, discussing the conditions in the industry during the 1980s and 1990s, and predicting the major trends and issues emerging over the first decade of the 21st century. KEYWORDS: airline industry history competition southwest airlines american airlines united deregulation. 12 pages, 39 footnotes, 25 bibliographic references. 		  $84
 

14086. New Technology Development & Firm Size.

This term paper provides an overview and critical analysis of the role of firm size in the development of new technology. Focusing on the U.S., but also drawing on comparative data from Europe and Japan, the report evaluates the opportunities for large versus small firms in developing new technology. Drawing on specific examples from biotechnology and the computer industry, the analysis considers possible explanations for the seeming dominance of small versus large firms in U.S. technology development, looking at regulatory factors, financing, business-government relations, culture, and organizational structure. Also considered are some possible reasons why the U.S. evidences a higher level of technological entrepreneurship than other developed countries and the role of this apparent 'country advantage' in small firm success in U.S. technological ventures. KEYWORDS: research development r&d technology firm size entrepreneurs. 18 pages, 36 footnotes, 28 bibliographic references. 4,806 words. 		  $126
 

14068. Race and Poverty in Cities.

This paper considers the current state of the political economy of urban America, with a close focus on the central city and the issues related to race and poverty. The first section provides a general overview of poverty and race in the central city. The next section considers some of the major theoretical approaches to explaining urban poverty. The concluding section examines the parameters (including some of their weaknesses and/or problems) of current and past approaches to attempting to 'fix' the urban poverty problem. KEYWORDS: urban poverty political economy cities racism term paper. APA Style. 13 pages, 54 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources. 3,847 words. 		  $91
 

14057. Breaking Up Microsoft: Economic Impact.

Focusing most closely on the likely economic impact of the Microsoft antitrust case, this term paper provides an prospective overview and analysis of the impact of the expected break-up of Microsoft on the market power of the company itself and industry competitors, the market and innovators for operating systems, the industry, and the consumer. The first section examines the immediate impact on Microsoft, looking closely at changes in the company’s short- and long- term strategies. The next section examines the impact on competitors- looking both at the effect on smaller competitors and innovative start-up firms and the potential impact of the case on other large IT companies (notably, Intel and Cisco Systems) who may be vulnerable to similar charges of anti-trust violations. The next section looks more generally at the likely economic impact of the case, including the effect on consumers, competitors, and future antitrust policy. KEYWORDS: microsoft corporation antitrust case company break up competitive impact term paper. MLA Style. 20 pages, 45 footnotes, 33 bibliographical references. 5,012 words. 		  $133
 

14036. American Airlines and Oligopoly.

Although the company has features of the monopolistic and competitive models, this paper argues that American Airlines is primarily oligopolistic in its practices. Topics covered include economies of scale, strategic alliances, the “hub-and-spoke” airport system, non-price competition, and accusations that the company has used “predatory pricing” to undermine smaller competitors. 10 pages, 20 footnotes, 10 bibliographic references. 		  $70
 

14029. Wal-Mart & Sears: Comparing Two Retailers.

This paper profiles America’s number one (Wal-Mart) and number two (Sears) department store chains (known also as mass merchandisers and/or general merchandisers). Following a brief summary overview of each company, the analysis compares and contrasts the two retailing giants in terms of history, business philosophy and corporate culture, management, human resources, merchandising, advertising, and social responsibility/role in the community. KEYWORDS: comparative corporate profile retailer strategy sears walmart term paper. 32 pages, 140 footnotes, 65 bibliographic sources. 9,534 words. 		  $133
 

14028. Affirmative Action: History and Overview.

This paper explores the evolution—and more recent devolution—of affirmative action in the United States. Following a brief definition of the term, the analysis presents a history and general overview of affirmative action, including a discussion of the various forms of affirmative action (e.g., goals, quotas, preferences and set-asides); the courts’ and the regulators’ evolving view of affirmative action; the arguments for and against affirmative action; and recent legal and political developments in the field. Separate sections include a close focus on the issue of affirmative action in higher education and the case of gender-based affirmative action. A concluding section considers the future of affirmative action and the impact of recent movements towards substituting voluntary “diversity programs” for court-mandated affirmative action. KEYWORDS: affirmative action race gender employment education set asides quotas. 33 pages, 61 footnotes, 26 bibliographic references. MLA Style. 8618 words. 		  $133
 

14006. The Greedy Hand (Amity Shlaes).

A chapter-by-chapter summary of this book on the U.S. tax system. Shlaes criticizes the system, and argues that Americans are burdened by high taxes and a complicated, ever-changing tax code. Many specific problems are covered, including automatic withholding, Social Security, the marriage penalty and estate taxes, and the final chapter gives suggestions for ways to solve these problems. 15 pages, 59 footnotes, 1 bibliography. 		  $105
 

14002. Internet Taxation.

This termpaper provides an overview and analysis of the challenges, opportunities, and complexities surrounding local, state and international taxation of Internet-based activities. The analysis begins with a brief overview of Internet commerce and the challenges it presents for tax authorities and businesses. The next section of the research paper provides a description and overview of current U.S. law and practices as they are applied to Internet commerce transactions. Following this, the paper examines the international perspective on Internet taxation. The next two sections examine the arguments for and against the implementation of Internet taxes—focusing closely on the debate in the United States. A final section of the essay reviews some of the current proposals for implementing an e-commerce based taxation scheme. KEYWORDS: internet sales tax taxation web ecommerce term paper. APA Style. 26 pages, 67 footnotes, 28 bibliographic sources. 6,883 words. 		  $133
 

13997. Social Transformation & Corporations.

Focusing on the executive ranks and the corporate board, this paper investigates social/demographic changes in the American corporation during the last quarter of the 20th century (1975—2000). Concludes that the reality of “workplace diversity” has not hit the executive ranks. Minorities and women remain grossly under-represented and have made only minimal progress in moving into top-ranking positions. KEYWORDS: social demographic change corporate sector term paper. APA Style. 31 pages, 82 footnotes, 36 bibliographic sources. 8,487 words. 		  $133
 

13993. Institutional Investors and Corporate Governance.

This research paper assesses the role of institutional investors in corporate governance, focusing specifically on U.S. corporations, but also considering comparative data from other countries. The analysis begins with an overview of the rise of institutional investors and a profile of their scope and presence in the equity market. The next section of the paper considers the influence of institutional investors on corporate governance from the theoretical perspective, examining the principal-agent problem and considering the potential areas of institutional investor influence within the scope of current regulations and corporate structures. Another section examines the empirical and case literature studying the actual activities and influence of institutional investors in corporate governance, assessing the evidence of their impact in terms of corporate performance, management efficiency, corporate social performance, and effect on small (individual shareholders). KEYWORDS: corporate governance term paper institutional investors corporate management finance. APA Style. 34 pages, 62 footnotes, 25 bibliographic sources. 8,333 words. 		  $133
 

13980. Small Business & the Internet.

What use is the Web to the small business sector in reality? That question is the focus of this investigation, which examines the promises versus the reality of the Internet for the small business sector and considers steps that small businesses can take to best capitalize on the business opportunities presented by the Internet. KEYWORDS: small business web strategy term paper. 12 pages, 28 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources. 3,329 words. 		  $84
 

13967. Business Transformation and the Internet.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the Internet’s transformation of business. Following an overview of the history of the Internet and a summary profile of its growth and user-base, the analysis focuses on the relationship between the Internet and business. The investigation includes a definition and overview of e-commerce (including both business-to-business and business-to-consumer), an overview of the companies and industries which have pioneered e-commerce, a close profile of three companies (Amazon.com, Etrade and Cisco Systems) which have been at the forefront of the Internet revolution, and an analysis of the ways in which the Internet has changed business, looking specifically at factors such as customer relations and management. A concluding section speculates on how e-commerce will evolve in the near future. KEYWORDS: internet business online business strategy ecomerce intranets strategic management term paper. 33 pages, 116 footnotes, 37 bibliographic sources. 8,976 words. 		  $133
 

13963. Fordism and the Search for a Viable "Post-Fordism."

An essay which examines the possibility that modern industrial economies have moved from a "Fordist" (i.e., mass-market oriented) to a "Post Fordist" kind of work organization based on individualized marketing and flexible, highly specialized production techniques. Defines Fordism, contrasting it with the ideal of the post-Fordist era as typified by the new Internet economies. Concludes that while the modern industrialized economies are moving towards the Post-Fordist paradigm, Fordism has not yet been supplanted. 10 pages, 11 foonotes; 7 bibliographic references. 		  $70
 

13933. Is the Work of Managers Universal?

Drawing on the ideas of classical managerial theorists such as Henri Fayol, as well as more contemporary theorists such as Henry Mintzberg, Colin Hales and Peter Drucker, this essay addresses the issue of whether the work of managers can be considered universal (i.e., managers engage in the same basic tasks regardless of differences in organizational or personal characteristics) or whether the work of managers fundamentally differs from job to job and manager to manager. The essay argues that the two assertions are not mutually exclusive. KEYWORDS: argumentative essay managers work managerial roles responsibilities term paper. APA Style. 9 pages, 15 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $63
 

13904. u.s. Competitiveness in the Global Marketplace: The Solutions to Our Problems Are Home-Grown.

This tightly constructed essay refutes the oft-repeated argument that the decline in U.S. productivity and global competitiveness in the late 1980's could have been rapidly reversed by simply adopting the "Japanese system." Argues that the kind of production methods and processes used so successfully in Japan are not in conflict with American values and/or U.S. manufacturing methods; indeed, it is noted that many of these "Japanese" methods are in fact American in origin. 6 pages, 9 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

13850. Etrade & Online Trading.

This paper provides an overview and analysis of the online stock trading industry with a close focus on E*Trade, the number two online stock broker and pioneer in the field of online stock trading and online financial services. In addition to examining E*trade's history, financial performance, product portfolio, and strategy, the investigation profiles the main industry competitors, considers the advantages and disadvantage of online trading from the investors' perspectives, and deliberates the future of the online trading industry. KEYWORDS: online trading internet stock market. 15 pages, 41 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources. 		  $105
 

13760. Pricing in Japan and the u.s.

The paper analyzes Japanese and American pricing methods, comparing and contrasting Japanese "predatory" pricing techniques which aim at obtaining dominant market share and the American system dominated by short-term planning and the quest for immediate profits. Defends the Japanese methods as legal and fair. 10 pages, 10 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

13678. Three Visions of the American Business Environment.

An analysis and review of three different literary critiques of American business made at the beginning (Upton Sinclair), middle (Kurt Vonnegut) and end (Robert Fulghum) of the 20th Century. Considers the social, political and economic context of the critiques. 5 pages, 8 footnotes, 3 bibliographic references. 		  $35
 

13632. Workfare & Welfare Reform.

Focusing on the changes implicit in U.S. welfare policy since the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, this paper presents an overview and analysis of workfare. The analysis considers the social, economic and political imperatives leading to a change in the relationship between work and welfare, profiles the central features of new workfare programs, and assesses the impact of the welfare reform legislation. KEYWORDS: welfare reform workfare term paper. APA Style. 17 pages, 46 footnotes, 28 bibliographic sources. 		  $119
 

13611. Community Empowerment Versus Elitist Politics: The Case of Urban Empowerment Zones.

This paper examines the issue of community power and urban poverty reduction from the perspective of the urban Empowerment Zone program. The analysis begins with a review of the literature on urban poverty, theories of community empowerment and the theoretical impact of empowerment on poverty. The second part of the paper presents a research design for the study of empowerment zone impact in the six initial urban empowerment zones. The proposed study aims at elucidating the local political forces underlying the relative success or failure of the empowerment zone projects in the designated urban areas. Based on a review of media reports, evaluative studies, and empirical investigations of empowerment zone operations to date, preliminary data are presented and tentative findings/conclusions discussed. 31 pages, 141 footnotes, 50 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13593. The Life of Henry E. Huntington (1850-1927).

Examines the life and career of the railroad magnate, real estate developer and philanthropist. Traces Henry's early career in the railroad industry working for his famous uncle, Collis P. Huntington; his development of the Los Angeles "Red Car" electric railway; his mid-life career as a Southern California real estate developer; and his late-life passion for collecting rare books and fine works of art. Details Huntington's philanthropy and discusses the cultural contribution of the Huntington Library and Museum. 11 pages, 32 footnotes, 8 bibliographic references. 		  $77
 

13580. Big Box Stores Versus Traditional Retailers.

This paper presents an overview and analysis of the "big box store versus smaller retailer" controversy, with a focus on Wal-Mart (as the epitome of the big box retailer) and its impact on small business and the local economies of small and medium-sized cities. The paper begins with an overview and analysis of the case against the Big Box stores. Following this, the analysis examines the arguments and evidence which support the Big Box stores and/or refute the charges leveled against them by small retailers. The concluding section considers some of the strategies that local communities and small retailers have used and/or can use to defend themselves against the detrimental impact of big box retailers such as Wal-Mart. 13 pages, 39 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

13577. The u.s. Balance of Trade.

Traces the history of trade patterns from the county's origins to the record-high deficits of the 1990s. Looks at trends in trade partners and product sectors, as well as the views of economists regarding the extent to which the trade deficit may or may not be a threat to the economy. 16 pages, 56 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 		  $112
 

13437. Inequality in the u.s. Economy.

Examines the extent to which racial minorities and women lack opportunities for success. Argues that women have made greater strides than the races in recent years, but both groups still lack full equality at the present time. 12 pages, 35 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 		  $84
 

13410. Regulating Financial Services.

An overview and analysis of the need for regulation of financial services (banking, insurance, securities). Considers the arguments for and against government regulation in the sector, identifies the appropriate scope of regulation, and discusses current regulatory strategies and needs with regard to developed economies, emerging markets, and the international financial community. KEYWORDS: financial services industry banking securities insurance regulation. 10 pages, 29 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

13409. Executive Pay: Economics, Ethics and International Perspectives.

This paper considers the substantive issues with regard to the economics, ethics, and organizational goals related to executive pay. The analysis views the topic from the international perspective, considering the issues and their related empirical and theoretical findings concerning executive pay not only from the framework of its most extreme manifestation - the United States - but also from the historically more tempered perspective in other developed countries. 10 pages, 25 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources. 		  $70
 

13319. Marketing Prescription Drugs Directly to Consumers.

Discusses the ethical issues involved in this practice, and argues in favor of a patient's right to information and self-determination. On this basis, also argues for a "code of ethics" to ensure truthfulness and full disclosure in drug ads. 6 pages, 18 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 		  $42
 

13241. Trade Flows and Strategic Policies in Nafta.

Examines changes in trade flows (with a focus on trade in goods, both manufactures and agricultural products) between the NAFTA partners and strategic policies during the first four years that the Agreement has been in effect. Profiles both general (changes in total exports and imports) and specific (trends and changes in specific sectoral and commodity flows) changes in trade flows. 16 pages, 44 footnotes, 35 bibliographic sources. 		  $112
 

13202. Economic Policies of the Democratic Party.

Traces evolution from late 1980s through the 1990s, showing increased trend toward conservatism on economic and budgetary matters. Also notes continued controversies with Republicans over such matters, as well as the opposition of liberal-minded Democrats. 11 pages, 29 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

13180. The Microsoft Antitrust Case.

This paper presents an overview and analysis of the U.S. Department of Justice's antitrust case against Microsoft. The analysis begins with an overview of U.S. antitrust law and the current debate over how the doctrine of antitrust can or should be applied to rapidly-changing high-tech fields such as computing and the Internet. The next section presents a history and background of the DOJ vs. Microsoft case, followed by a discussion of the central issues in the case, both in terms of the DOJ's central charges and in terms of Microsoft's responses. The concluding section discusses the win/lose implications of the case. 13 pages, 44 footnotes, 38 bibliographic sources. 		  $91
 

13141. Financing Small Business.

This report presents an overview and analysis of small business financing and the opportunities that the funding needs of small businesses and entrepreneurial firms presents for venture capitalists. The report begins with an overview of the key factors in small business success and failure, with particular attention to financing needs. The next section presents an analysis of the current range of financial resources (and trends within these resources) for small businesses and entrepreneurial firms. The next section looks first at the criteria used by banks, venture capital firms and other financial institutions when extending financing to small businesses and then at some of the common problems and mistakes that firms and entrepreneurs make when making their pitch to venture capital firms and other potential financiers. The concluding section seeks to better define the identified marketing niche - discussing what type of entrepreneurs are particularly in need of funding and outlining the opportunities for venture capital firms to market services to them. KEYWORDS: entrepreneurs small business capital requirements financing term paper. 30 pages, 129 footnotes, 73 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13127. Investment Theory and Stock Market Valuation.

A comprehensive overview of the current state of investment theory and stock market valuation, focusing on the issue of excess valuation in the 1992-1998 bull market, and the role of risk premiums and alternative investment modes in investor decisions. Contrasts fundamental theory (value and information based) with the technical theory of investment (based on past market movements and cyclical theories). The study concludes that while stock prices always return to the fundamental value of their underlying assets and returns, the market as a whole may be driven to ever-higher levels by a paradigm change in investor confidence, and by the lack of viable alternatives for placing surplus investment capital. 31 pages, 34 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13108. Oligopoly in the Pharmaceuticals Industry.

Looks at the drug industry as an example of a structural oligopoly; domination of the market by a few players is attributed to high R & D costs, patent protections, brand name recognition, and mergers and acquisitions that keep out new competitors. Eli Lilly is cited as a case example of a major industry player with a position protected by famous trade names and growth into biotechnology and non-drug businesses. 11 pages, 14 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

13041. The American Standard of Living: What Does the Future Hold?

Will the current generation of young adults fare worse than their parents? And what of their children? Will they do better than their parents or will they see a decline in their standard of living compared to the previous generation? These are the central issues addressed in this report which examines future prospects in American standards of living for today's young adults (i.e., persons in their early 20s) and their offspring. The analysis considers both general prospects for the current and future generation of young adults as evidenced by macroeconomic trends and some of the factors (e.g., gender, education, race) which may impact the prospects for particular individuals and/or identifiable demographic groups. 19 pages, 41 footnotes, 23 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

13026. The Failure to Eradicate Poverty in the United States.

An analysis of why the United States has failed to eradicate poverty. Considers whether the persistence of poverty can be attributed to the government's inconsistent and/or ineffective efforts to eliminate it, or whether the problem is simply intractable, or whether the failure stems from some other reason. Focuses on possible solutions in the implementation of paternalistic welfare policies as advocated by Mead (1992, 1997) and other conservative analysts. 14 pages, 16 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources. 		  $98
 

12652. International Trade: Indonesia and the United States.

Discusses the composition, direction and volume of trade between Indonesia and the United States. Considers the history of trade related conflicts as well as profiling current trade related problem areas (Indonesia's population transfer programs, ethnic rights, trade unions, East Timor) and looks as U.S. - Indonesian trade relations in light of Southeastern trade in general. 14 pages, 18 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 		  $98
 

12647. Social Stratification in the United States.

This paper addresses the question of whether social stratification in the United States is becoming more or less fluid. The argument is advanced that while on some measures - notably education - there has been a significant shift away from ascription and towards achievement in status attainment, the net impact on fluidity has been negligible. Additional arguments against fluidity presented include multiple indicators of increasing social inequality and the growing evidence of the formation of a socially immobile underclass. A concluding section considers possible measures the US government might take to increase the fluidity of social stratification. KEYWORDS: social mobility social stratification us class inequity underclass. APA Style. 11 pages, 45 footnotes, 25 bibliographic sources. 		  $77
 

12417. Illegal Immigration and the Us Economy.

Analyzes the impact of illegal immigration on the US economy. Concludes that the overall net economic effect of illegal immigration is positive, but notes that the distribution of the costs and benefits of illegal immigration is unequal, with certain employer segments and skilled native workers deriving the bulk of the benefits, and legal immigrants and (to a lesser extent) unskilled native workers absorbing the bulk of the costs. Also notes that the states absorb more costs than the federal government. 24 pages, 49 footnotes, 27 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 

12398. Federal Taxation of Individuals.

A discussion of various components involved in filling out an income tax return. Includes such topics as filing status, exemptions, gross income, computation, credits, payments, filing requirement, and penalties. 28 pages, 113 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 		  $133
 
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