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7C. INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND DEVELOPED ECONOMIES

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18232. THE IMPACT OF TERRORISM ON BUSINESS IN THE MIDDLE EAST. This paper describes the negative impact of terrorism and the threat of terrorism on foreign investment, tourism, airlines, oil prices, consumerism, and economic growth in the Middle East. There is evidence that business in the region is gradually rebounding from the devastating global impacts of the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the United States in 2001. Despite this, risks continue to exist and thus businesses and governments need to remain vigilant. KEYWORDS: business terrorism Middle East 9/11. APA Style. 7p., 22f., 7b.   $49
 
18222. HEAVEN’S DOOR (GEORGE J. BORJAS). This paper reviews and critiques chapter 10 of Borjas’ book, which is concerned with the economic impact of America’s immigration policy. The author argues that the current policy, based on allocating visas to immigrants with family ties in the nation, displaces native-born workers and burdens the nation’s welfare system. Instead, there should be a policy based on accepting immigrants that have desirable skills. The reviewer agrees with Borjas’ basic argument that America’s immigration policy should provide more protection to native-born citizens. KEYWORDS: book review immigration policy economics. MLA Style. 5p., 13f., 1b.   $35
 
18208. THE CELL PHONE MARKET IN SINGAPORE. This paper discusses the rapid growth of cell phone consumers in Singapore in recent years, which is due to the demands of business and also of youth (who use the phones for text messaging and receiving video content as well as for making phone calls). The paper also discusses the relative performance of the country’s three major service providers, the local cell phone manufacturing industry, and the use of phones for marketing campaigns. KEYWORDS: business marketing manufacturing cellular phones mobile phones Singapore. MLA Style. 7p., 15f., 8b.   $49
 
18195. NORWAY SELLS WAL-MART HARVARD CASE STUDY 308019. This paper provides a case study analysis and case solution to a 2007 Harvard Business School finance and ethics case study (308019) by Robert C. Pozen and Aldo Sesia on the 2006 decision by Norway’s Pension Fund to divest its holdings in Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. based on ethical considerations. The case analysis includes problem statement, analysis, assessment of alternatives, and recommendations. KEYWORDS: case studies ethics accountability activist investors investment management pension funds norway public relations labor management relations wal-mart corporate reputation globalization case solution. Written 2008. 10 pages, 6 footnotes, 4 bibliographic sources.   $70
 
18193. MICROSOFT IN CHINA AND INDIA, 1993-2007 HARVARD CASE STUDY 9-708-444. This paper provides a case study analysis and case solution to a 2007 Harvard Business School global business and strategic management case study (9-708-444) by Tarun Khanna and Prithwiraj Choudhury. The case focuses on Microsoft’s international expansion into China and India during the period 1993-2007, considering the problems that multinational firms face in emerging markets. The case analysis includes problem statement, analysis, assessment of alternatives, recommendations and implementation plan. KEYWORDS: case studies microsoft india china globalization international expansion strategy emerging nations case solution. Written 2008. 11 pages, 11 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.   $77
 
18177. MALAYSIA-UNITED STATES FREE TRADE AGREEMENT. This term paper traces the history of the attempt to create a bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Malaysia and the United States in 2006 and 2007. Following a brief discussion of the advantages of free trade agreements in general and the US policy position on bilateral versus multilateral trade agreements, the paper focuses on Malaysia-US trade issues and the proposed FTA. The five rounds of trade talks beginning in March 2006 and ending in May of 2007 are discussed. The two sides sought to open the Malaysian market to U.S. financial services and auto-makers while opening the American market to imports of rubber, timber, garments, plastics, chemical and agricultural products, optical and scientific instruments, and electrical and electronic goods, by dropping duties, currently 5 to 32 percent. Malaysia also sought technical support to give it an advantage over other Asian countries, making it attractive for biotechnology and for high-end technical research and development. The paper considers the reasons for the breakdown in talks, noting the importance of Malaysian concerns about access to generic medications and opposition from the Malaysian agricultural sector as well as US concerns about intellectual property, patent protection, labor laws, environmental standards, and access to government contracts. KEYWORDS: bilateral trade agreements Malaysia United States trade negotiations FTA, Turabian Style with endnotes. 15 pages, 67 footnotes, 66 bibliographic sources. 4,768 words.   $105
 
18105. THE DOLLAR, THE POUND, THE EURO, AND THE YEN. This paper discusses the relative value and performance of these four major currencies (as of 2006), and examines the possible reasons for changes in their relative value over time. Based on their recent performance, no drastic changes are expected in the relative value of the currencies in the upcoming future. The paper includes a chart that compares the relative values of the currencies from May 2004 to May 2006. KEYWORDS: international economics currencies U.S. dollar British pound European Union euro Japanese yen. Written 2006. MLA Style. 11 pages, 31 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 2,640 words.   $77
 
18073. GLOBALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND MALAWI. The first part of this paper discusses globalization and development in general terms, with an emphasis on the factors that have enabled some developing nations to be more successful at globalization efforts than others. The second part of the paper is concerned with the specific case of Malawi, a country in dire poverty that is struggling with various economic, political, and social problems. Recommendations are made for policies and actions that could help Malawi become better integrated into the global economic community. KEYWORDS: globalization international development malawi. Written 2006. MLA Style. 15 pages, 38 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 3,682 words.   $105
 
18053. OUTSOURCING IT TO INDIA. This term paper discusses the ethical issues raised by the practice of U.S. firms outsourcing IT (information technology) functions to engineers in India. The practice helps to boost the Indian economy, but it has been criticized for causing the loss of U.S. jobs. The paper argues that the outsourcing of this type of labor is actually beneficial to the U.S. economy in the long run. Some suggestions are made for the humane treatment of displaced U.S. workers. KEYWORDS: outsourcing labor economy information technology workers india. Written 2006. APA Style. 6 pages, 11 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 1,386 words.   $42
 
18048. YELLOW ROADWAY IN CHINA. This paper discusses a report in a January 2006 issue of Wall Street Journal regarding the plans of Yellow Roadway Corporation, a U.S. trucking firm, to expand operations to China. It is argued that the company has made a wise strategic decision and has shown cultural sensitivity by choosing to call itself YRC World Wide Inc. in the region, because of the negative connotations associated with the word "yellow." KEYWORDS: market entry strategy culture business china. Written 2006. MLA Style. 6 pages, 7 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 1,398 words.   $42
 
18030. PROBLEM OF HIGH OIL PRICES. This paper addresses the fact that oil prices have been increasing at a dramatic rate in recent years. Taking an economic perspective on the topic, it is noted that the classic laws of supply and demand are not adequate for explaining the situation. This is basically because oil is a product of low price elasticity. It is a necessity and thus demand does not decline with a rise in prices. In addition, because of supply disruptions, there has not been an increase in supply despite the incentive of higher prices. The paper also considers the roles of OPEC and market investors in inflating oil prices. KEYWORDS: economics supply and demand oil prices oil pricing. MLA Style. 6 pages, 13 footnotes in text, 6 bibliographic sources.   $42
 
18006. DOING BUSINESS IN INDIA. . This paper presents a country profile of India. The paper describes the business environment, physical characteristics of the nation, demographic profile, social conditions, cultural values, political situation, economic conditions, the government's trade policy, foreign investment policy, and foreign policy relations. It is argued that there are opportunities for expansion to India, but there are various potential challenges and risks as well. The paper concludes with some recommendations for a cautious approach to strategy implementation. KEYWORDS: country profile India market entry strategy india risk assessment. Written 2006. APA Style. 16 pages, 35 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 3,789 words.   $112
 
17762. GRASSROOTS ASSISTANCE IN RURAL CHINA: CASE STUDY. This paper analyzes and provides a solution to a case concerning a Grants-in-Aid grassroots project assistance for two villages in Dan Feng County, a poor rural county in China’s Shaanxi Province. The grassroots development project focused on the construction of three schools, three local health centers, two bridges, and 46 water resource facilities over the course of one year within a budget of $87,000. The analysis considers the reasons behind the success of the project, discusses the benefits the project at the local level, considers the key factors/persons contributing to the project’s success, and the factors related to the project evaluation. KEYWORDS: rural china development grassroots case studies education health water villager empowerment ngo project evaluation term paper case solution. APA Style. 10 pages, 5 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source. 2,667 words.   $70
 
17753. TURKEY’S PLANNED ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU). Based on a review of both primary (European Commission and European Council documents related to Turkey’s accession, statements and speeches by principals involved in the negotiations) and secondary (scholarly analysis in books and journals, as well as recent newspaper reports), this paper provides an overview and analysis of Turkey’s planned accession to full membership in the European Union (EU). The prospects of Turkey’s success in its pursuit of full EU membership are evaluated based on an analysis which considers resistance and support for Turkey’s EU accession; the arguments for and against Turkey’s accession; the impact of Turkey’s accession (should it occur) on the EU organization and EU members, considering potential advantages and disadvantages of Turkey becoming a full member of the EU; and a brief consideration of Turkish government and public opinion on its accession to the EU, focusing on the perceived benefits for the EU. It is argued that Turkey’s prospects for successful completion of the EU accession process seem highly improbable, based primarily on the unlikelihood that Turkey will meet EU political and legal criteria as they relate to Cyprus, human rights, and fundamental freedoms. It is recommended that the EU shift the strategic objectives of its negotiations with Turkey from the current focus on full membership to an alternative focus leading to a “special” or “privileged partnership”. Keywords: eu enlargement turkey european union accession eu membership islam muslim europe christian. Written 2006. Turabian Style with Bottom of Page Footnotes. 13 pages, 59 footnotes, 40 bibliographic sources. 3,244 words.   $91
 
17740. THE WORLD DIAMOND MARKET & THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF THE YAKUTIAN DIAMOND COMPLEX. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the $61.5 billion world diamond market, with special focus on the current position and future prospects of the Yakutian diamond complex within the global market. Following a brief review of the history of the industry, the paper provides a discussion and analysis of the structure of the industry and the diamond trade as well as a description of the diamond pipeline. Section three profiles current industry conditions, and includes identification and discussion of the major diamond producers and polishing centers and as well as a profile of DeBeers and the other major players in the industry. The profile includes an analysis of the basis of competition and profit potential among the various producers, polishers and companies. Section four examines demand and pricing issues, considering the current demand for diamond jewelry and predictions on future demand trends. Section five considers recent trends and controversies in the world diamond market, including the association between the diamond trade and crime and conflict; the shift in the diamond trade south and east; trends towards polishing in producer countries; and the challenges/threats posed by synthetics. The concluding section presents a summary competitive analysis with a special focus on the Yakutian diamond complex. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) for the Yakutian diamond industry are assessed. The paper concludes with recommendations on strategy for the Yakutian diamond complex. KEYWORDS: diamond industry market russia de beers cartel conflict diamonds polishing yakutia sakha SWOT. Written 2006. 38 pages, 210 footnotes, 57 bibliographic sources. 10,980 words.   $133
 
17584. OIL PRICES. This paper analyzes how oil prices are related to the law of supply and demand. While the law of supply and demand says that higher prices will decrease demand for a particular commodity and create an incentive for producers to increase their supplies, these rules have not applied to oil prices in the 2000s. Notable in 2005 was the fact that despite high oil prices, demand remained strong. The concluding section explores the possibilities/difficulties in developing alternative fuels. KEYWORDS: oil prices oil supply demand alternative fuel. Written 2005. MLA Style. 7 pages, 21 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources. 1,667 words.   $49
 
17443. TURKEY AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. This paper presents an overview and analysis of Turkey’s planned accession to full membership in the European Union (EU). The history of EU-Turkish relations and Turkey’s bid for membership in the EU is traced. The potential advantages and disadvantages of Turkey’s EU membership from the perspective of both Turkey and the EU are considered. Likely barriers to Turkey’s accession are identified and discussed. The paper concludes with predictions on the probable course of the accession negotiations. KEYWORDS: Turkey European Union enlargement terrorism Islam secularization. 14 pages, 46 footnotes, 28 bibliographic sources. 3298 words.   $98
 
17416. CHINESE TOWN AND VILLAGE ENTERPRISES. This paper presents a critique and analysis of Qi’s article, “Explaining Strategy Process in Chinese Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs)which explains TVE strategy process and outcomes in terms of guanxi networks. The paper also considers the implications of Qi’s findings for Chinese economy and society, and the implications for non-Chinese firms (Western or otherwise) considering ventures with or investments in Chinese TVEs. KEYWORDS: economic development China town village enterprise guanxi. Written 2004. 10 pages, 18 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 2,380 words.   $70
 
17396. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EU AND POST-WAR LEBANON. This paper profiles and analyzes the economic, political, and social relations between the European Union (EU) and Lebanon in the years following the end of the Lebanese Civil War through the present day. Since current relations between Lebanon and EU occur within the framework of the larger Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP), the investigation focuses on the EMP and its related Association Agreements as they pertain to the EU-Lebanon relationship. The first section provides an overview of the EMP framework and examines the objectives of the EU and Lebanon in the partnership. The next section focuses on the trade and other economic components of the EU-Lebanon relationship. Another section looks at the political, social, and legal components of the EU-Lebanon partnership. KEYWORDS: european union middle east relations mediterranean europe partnership lebanon economy trade politics. Written 2003. 29 pages, 112 footnotes, 45 bibliographic sources. 7,144 words.   $133
 
17382. . INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY (IPE) AND GLOBALIZATION. As a discipline, IPE encompasses several theories derived from three main conceptualizations or ideologies: mercantilism, liberalism, and Marxism. This paper compares and contrasts the three main conceptions of IPE. Following the general comparative overview of the three conceptions, the analysis considers how advocates of each view would assess the phenomenon of globalization. A final section of the analysis uses the IPE lens (and hegemonic stability theory in particular) to consider the merits and dangers of “hegemonic stability” in international trade. KEYWORDS: international political theory political ideology political theory mercantilism liberalism marxism hegemonic stability. Written 2003. Turabian Style. 25 pages, 48 footnotes, 22 bibliographic sources. 6,192 words.   $133
 
17375. MASS CONSUMPTION, 1880-1940: A COMPARATIVE VIEW: THE UNITED STATES & WESTERN EUROPE. This essay examines and analyzes the key characteristics of American mass consumerism during the period 1880-1940 and considers how this mass consumerism compared to mass consumption in Britain and Western Europe during this period. The investigation looks at the social, political, and economic aspects of mass consumerism during this period and considers some of the ways in which consumption patterns and responses were affected by class, race, and gender. It is argued that the basic drivers of mass consumption and basic markers of its development were quite similar in all the countries observed, although the timing of the emergence of mass consumption often differed markedly between the countries. The role of the state in shaping consumerism and the emergence of some variation of a “citizen consumer” is another commonality noted. Despite many similarities in the basic patterns of mass consumption that emerged in America and in the industrialized nations of Western Europe, it is argued that national culture, history, population, geography, economy and politics provided a unique character to mass consumption as it emerged in each of the countries examined. KEYWORDS: mass consumption consumerism mass consumerism comparative western European american. Written 2003. APA Style. 26 pages, 78 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources. 7,572 words.   $133
 
17322. MOBILE PHONES IN INDIA. This paper presents an overview and analysis of India’s potential as a good market for mobile phones. Following a brief discussion of the burgeoning global mobile phone market and the recent rapid expansion of the Asian mobile phone market, the paper presents a profile of the market for mobile phones in India. A growing middle class, price cuts by phone manufacturers and wireless companies, a shrinking grey market, and reforms in government regulations all favor strong growth in the Indian market. Provides some comparative data on the Chinese mobile phone market and concludes that India offers the most favorable prospects for strong future growth in mobile phones. KEYWORDS: mobile phones cell phone market India China marketing. Written 2005. 14 pages, 46 footnotes, 17 bibliographic references. 3,229 words. Section 25E, 5B, 7C   $98
 
17310. INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the efforts to develop international accounting standards, including the agreement by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to work toward convergence of U.S. and international standards. After discussing the various benefits to the development of international standards, the paper looks at the obstacles to developing standards as well as some of the objections to standardization raised by various countries and institutions. The conclusion looks at the likelihood that standards will be in place by 2015. KEYWORDS: IASB FASB accounting standards convergence. Written 2005. 9 pages, 27 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources. 2,211 words.   $63
 
17308. GREEK BUSINESS AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the position of Greece businesses within the context of Greece’s membership in the European Union. Following a brief overview of the history of Greece’s relations with the European Union, the paper considers the benefits and drawbacks of EU membership from the perspective of Greek businesses, both in terms of Greek businesses in Greece and Greek businesses doing business in other countries. Considers the impact of EU-related political issues, such as the historically acrimonious Greece-Turkey relations in light of Turkey’s impending EU membership. KEYWORDS: Greek commercial interests Greek industry business Greece European Union. Written 2005. 11 pages, 28 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 2,780 words.   $77
 
17284. “THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE” BY ALFRED CROSBY. This paper provides a review and analysis of Crosby’s (1972) book about the exchange of plants, animals and diseases that occurred between the “Old World” (Europeans) and the “New World” (Native Americans) following Columbus’ discovery of America in 1492. Crosby’s book shows that the Europeans benefitted in many ways from the exchange; by contrast, the American Indians suffered greatly and experienced drastic declines in their populations. Crosby demonstrates the ways that the Columbian Exchange gave rise to various situations which persist in the world today (i.e., overpopulation, environmental damage, and species reduction). Above all Columbian Exchange placed the West in a dominant position in international affairs. KEYWORDS: Native Americans European domination trade effects. Written 2005. 8 pages, 20 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources. 2,088 words.   $56
 
17260. DOING BUSINESS IN CHINA. This paper provides an overview and analysis of doing business in China from the perspective of an American firm or entrepreneur considering a China venture. The basic features of the China market, including geography and environment; people and culture; and government and political system are described. The paper provides an overview of the Chinese economy, including historical background; current economic structure and main indicators; trade and FDI; income and standard of living; and economic outlook. Taking the perspective of an American firm, the analysis looks at some of the practical considerations of doing business in China, including best prospects for investors, methods of market entry, available assistance, and key risks and barriers to doing business in China. KEYWORDS: Chinese market Chinese economy China market entry business risks entry barriers. APA Style. 15 pages; 72 footnotes; 27 bibliographic sources. 3,161 words.   $105
 
17251. SOUTH KOREA: INVESTMENT PROFILE. This paper provides an overview, analysis and assessment of the climate for foreign investment in the Republic of Korea (South Korea). Following an overview of the history and current status of foreign investment climate in South Korea, the analysis profiles and assesses the current foreign investment climate in South Korea, focusing primarily on foreign direct investment (FDI) but also considering foreign indirect or portfolio investment. It is noted that South Korea has done much to improve its foreign investment climate in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis of 1997-98 and in recent years the South Korean government has attempted to position the country as a business hub for the entire North Asian region. Notwithstanding these positive changes, impediments to foreign investment remain, especially in the area of FDI. Labor strife, mixed signals for South Korea’s new president, the political/security threats posed by North Korea, foreign executives’ and employees’ distaste for the Korean environment, and growing anti-Americanism are viewed as the central obstacles to recapturing the rapid rate of FDI growth seen in 1999-2000. Keywords: country profile FDI South Korea business climate investment foreign. Written 2004. 13 pages; 45 footnotes; 41 bibliographic sources. 3,549 words.   $91
 
17248. ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (PRC). This paper provides an overview and analysis of China’ s progress and problems in economic reform and development of its “socialist market economy.” The paper closely examines the history and progress of economic reforms from the time the Communists came to power in 1949 up until the present (circa 2003). The paper traces the transition from Mao to Deng, examines the political climate under Deng, profiles Deng’s economic reforms and their impact, and examines the progress from a planned commodity economy (1984 to 1991) to a socialist market economy (1992–). The concluding sections consider political and social problems connected with the reform process, with particular attention to the Tiananmen uprising and its aftermath and the pervasive problem of corruption. Keywords: PRC China communism economy economic history market reforms Deng Four Modernizations Mao socialist market economy corruption market opening. Written 2003. 25 pages; 114 footnotes; 43 bibliographic sources. 6,371 words.   $133
 
17247. ADVERTISING & BRANDING IN CHINA. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the historical development and modern-day status of advertising and branding in China. The Chinese advertising environment is described in detail. The history of advertising in China from the early 20th century through the 1949 Communist takeover and the 1979 economic reforms is traced. The analysis consider the role of advertising and the 1979 economic reforms is traced. The analysis considers the role of advertising the attitudes towards advertising in Communist China prior to and after the beginning of significant market reform in 1979. The paper then examines branding in China. The paper considers the degree of brand recognition in China; Chinese attitudes towards brands; the scope and nature of brands (foreign and domestic) in contemporary China; and the obstacles to developing brands in China. A concluding section makes recommendations for the development of global Chinese-based brands, with a specific recommendation for developing the popular Chinese appliance brand Haier into a global brand. Keywords: China advertising China branding advertisements marketing global brands. Written 2003. 27 pages; 141 footnotes; 47 bibliographic sources. 6,715 words.   $133
 
17213. BRITISH AIRWAYS MARKETING STRATEGY. This paper provides a brief review of the literature on marketing strategy in general, and marketing strategy in the international airlines industry in particular, and then applies the major theories, models, and concepts to the specific case of British Airways (BA). Discusses BA’s market segmentation, positioning and branding efforts and refers to specific recent advertising campaigns. Keywords: international airlines marketing market segmentation advertising branding competition strategy. Written 2004. 9 pages; 45 footnotes; 39 bibliographic sources. 2,089 words.   $63
 
17207. BRITISH AIRWAYS AND THE INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES INDUSTRY: P.E.S.T. & S.W.O.T. This paper provides an analysis of British Airways’ micro and macro operating environment as part of the international airlines industry. A modified P.E.S.T. (Political-Economic-Social-Technological) analysis is combined with a brief competitive environment profile for the environmental analysis. Based on this background analysis, a S.W.O.T. (Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats) analysis is then undertaken. Recommendations are made based on the PEST and SWOT analyses. Keywords: strategic audit international airlines operating environment British Airways competition strategy. Written 2004. 11 pages; 41 footnotes; 38 bibliographic sources. 2,540 words.   $77
 
17194. MARINE CONTAINER SECURITY AND INSPECTION PRE- AND POST-9/11. This report provides an overview and analysis of ocean-going container security and inspection at U.S. ports. Following an overview of the scope of the container security problem, the analysis looks at how the approach to maritime container security and inspection has changed in the aftermath of 9/11. The major technologies – including gamma-ray, e-seals, pulsed fast neutron analysis, thermal neutron analysis, tracking technologies, and sophisticated x-rays – used in maritime container inspection are identified and discussed. The costs and practicality of these technologies as a means of improving seaport security are considered. Keywords: ports shipping security containers maritime technologies inspection e-seals. Written 2004. 15 pages; 71 footnotes; 25 bibliographic sources. 4,377 words.   $105
 
17178. PORTUGUESE SOLID WASTE RECYCLING: MARKET ENTRY STRATEGY. Taking the perspective of an American firm considering investment prospects in Portugal, this paper presents a S.W.O.T. (Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats) analysis of Portugal. Part 1 provides a general overview of the Portuguese market and business climate, focusing on general strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats from the perspective of the American investor. Specific high-potential areas for investment are identified and one area – solid waste recycling – is selected for further investigation. Part 2 provides a brief overview of the solid waste recycling market in Portugal. Drawing on the analysis from Parts 1 and 2, Part 3 presents a summary SWOT analysis for an American solid waste recycling firm planning on entering the Portuguese market. Keywords: Portugal country risk assessment investment solid waste industry recycling SWOT. Written 2004. 12 pages; 35 footnotes; 13 bibliographic sources. 3,261 words.   $84
 
17172. GLOBALIZATION OF NATIONAL DEFENSE INDUSTRIES. Focusing on the defense industries in the United States and the United Kingdom, this paper explores and critically evaluates some of the policy issues and challenges posed by defense globalization. The essay beings with a brief overview of globalization in general and of defense globalization in particular. Following this, the analysis focuses on four major challenges and policy issues in defense globalization: 1) technology and technology transfers; 2) procurement policy; 3) export controls; and 4) offsets. Keywords: defense military procurement globalization policy technology transfer trade. Written 2004. 10 pages; 52 footnotes; 18 bibliographic sources. 2,914 words.   $70
 
17151. WHISTLE-BLOWING IN JAPAN. Using a 2002 Los Angeles Times article about a Japanese company’s revenge on an employee whistle-blower as a starting point, this paper examines whistle-blowing in Japan. Differences between the Japanese and the U.S./Western approach to whistle-blowing are considered, and the legal, cultural, and other reasons for these differences assessed. The investigation looks at some corporate and government scandals broken by whistle-blowers and considers why whistle-blowing has become more common in Japan in recent years. The conclusion speculates on the future of whistle-blowing and the prospect for whistle-blower protection in Japan. Keywords: comparative politics law whistleblowing Japan US. Written 2003. APA Style. 12 pages; 35 footnotes; 20 bibliographic sources. 3,210 words.   $84
 
17141. GLOBALIZATION AND KUWAIT. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the meaning and processes of globalization in Kuwait. Following a discussion of the meaning of the term and an overview of the major forces underpinning globalization, the analysis examines the internal (e.g., political history, political structure, economic structure, social factors, religious factors) and external (e.g., reality of globalization, regional conditions and relations, relations with the West) forces encouraging and inhibiting globalization in Kuwait. Specific factors considered include the development of Kuwaiti media (including new media such as the Internet), the role of women in Kuwaiti society and politics, the need for economic restructuring, social conflicts, the challenges posed by Islamism and political factors. Keywords: globalization Islam Kuwait women media politics change. Written 2003. APA Style. 22 pages; 65 footnotes; 27 bibliographic sources. 5,380 words.   $133
 
17134. BUSINESS PLAN: MARKETING A LOW-FAT PRODUCT TO CHINESE CHILDREN. This paper presents a proposal to introduce a low-calorie, low-fat (diet) snack/candy bar in China aimed at the target market of overweight children and young teens. The problem of childhood/adolescent obesity in China is profiled. Another section presents a country risk assessment for China and profiles options for organizing a new investment in China. Another section presents an analysis of the children’s market in China, with a tight focus on marketing snacks to children. The final section draws on the information presented in the preceding sections to outline a comprehensive marketing plan for the product introduction, including a discussion of options for raising initial capital; assessment of market entry options; and recommendations on distribution, promotion, and advertising strategies. KEYWORDS: china market entry chinese children obesity chinese marketing new product snack food. Written 2003. 47 pages; 129 footnotes; 54 bibliographic sources. 11,329 words.   $133
 
17121. HOFESTEDE ON CHINESE AND AMERICAN VALUES: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT. This paper discusses and analyzes Geert Hofstede’s value dimensions of national culture within the context of two different national cultures: Chinese and American. The analysis compares and contrasts the dominant cultural values of each within the framework of Hofstede’s original four dimensions – power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism-collectivism, and masculinity-femininity – and within the framework of his subsequently identified fifth dimension: long-term orientation, also labeled Confucian Dynamism. Following a brief overview of Hofstede’s research, the analysis compares and contrasts American and Chinese culture across the five dimensions and considers the implications for management. Written 2003. 10 pages; 34 footnotes; 11 bibliographic sources. 2,385 words.   $70
 
17120. INSIDER TRADING REGULATION: THE US & EU. This paper provides a comparative analysis of insider trading regulations in the United States and the European Union (EU). The United States was selected for analysis because it was the first country to enact significant insider trading laws and today continues to lead the world ion enforcement of insider trading violations. The first part of the paper describes insider trading regulation and enforcement in the U.S. The second part of the paper compares insider trading regulation and enforcement in the EU (both in the EU as a whole and in representative Member States, including the U.K., Germany, Sweden, and Italy) with the system found in the U.S. Written 2003. 12 pages; 61 footnotes; 32 bibliographic sources. 5,076 words.   $84
 
17118. CHINA-U.S. TRADE. This paper traces China-U.S. trade relations and America’s China policy through the Clinton era into the Bush years. The analysis examines the factors behind the U.S.’s decision to re-establish Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) with China and China’s long struggle to join the World Trade Organization (WTO). The analysis also looks at problems and prospects for U.S.-China relations in the aftermath of China’s December 2001 accession to the WTO, including a discussion of disputes over agricultural imports and other trade issues. Finally, the analysis also consider the link between trade and national security issues in the aftermath of 9/11 and the re-establishment of PNTR with China. Keywords: China US trade WTO. Written 2002. 12 pages; 43 footnotes; 29 bibliographic sources. 5,224 words.   $84
 
17117. DEMOCRACY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION. This paper provides an overview and analysis of democracy in the European Union (EU). The analysis focuses on democracy at the supranational, institutional level of the EU, rather than on the various forms of national and sub-national democracy within the Member States of the Union. The investigation begins with an overview of the historical position of democracy within the EU and an outline fo the EU’s institutional framework. The EU’s ‘democratic deficit’ is then explored in detail, along with consideration fo the extent to which the expansion of the European Parliament’s power has democratized the overall Union. The concluding sections consider the defenses for the existing institutional framework and the possible alternative institutional arrangements for a democratic EU. Written 2002. 18 pages; 41 footnotes; 19 bibliographic sources. 5,173 words.   $126
 
17036. THE WAGE GAP BETWEEN SKILLED AND UNSKILLED WORKERS. This paper argues that the skilled/unskilled wage gap has increased as a result of the forces of globalization. For example, the use of cheap labor in poorer countries drives wages down for unskilled workers in developed countries. References are made to the Stolper-Samuelson theorem, the arguments regarding the use of a minimum wage, and other proposed solutions to the problem. Keywords: wages income disparity globalization. 5 pages; 22 footnotes; 6 bibliographic sources.   $35
 
17035. THE WAGE GAP BETWEEN SKILLED AND UNSKILLED WORKERS. This paper argues that the skilled/unskilled wage gap has increased as a result of the forces of globalization. For example, the use of cheap labor in poorer countries drives wages down for unskilled workers in developed countries. References are made to the Stolper-Samuelson theorem, the arguments regarding the use of a minimum wage, and other proposed solutions to the problem. Keywords: wages income disparity globalization. 6 pages; 22 footnotes; 6 bibliographic sources.   $42
 
17017. MEDIATION AND THE RESOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS. This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the mediation process in resolving international disputes and conflicts. Considers ways to strengthen mediation effectiveness. Also discusses the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in settling international disputes. Keywords: political mediation international disputes. 9 pages; 17 footnotes; 8 bibliographic sources.   $63
 
17011. THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION: CULTURAL, ECONOMIC & POLITICAL DIMENSIONS. This paper examines theories for understanding the cultural, economic, and political dimensions of globalization, such as the world-system, Marxist, and liberal theories. It is argued that the most convincing evidence is provided by “Information Age” theories. The paper also discusses the social movements that have arisen in opposition to the impact of globalization. KEYWORDS: globalization theoretical perspectives anti-globalization movement. 13 pages, 38 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 3,137 words.   $91
 
15978. THE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL SITUATION IN BRAZIL. This paper discusses the economic status of Brazil during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, as well as the government’s efforts to attain economic development during that time. Concludes that despite problems, investors have an “optimistic but cautious” outlook on the country’s future growth. 11 pages; 52 footnotes; 13 bibliographic sources.   $77
 
15942. "MICHAEL JORDAN AND THE NEW GLOBAL CAPITALISM" BY WALTER LAFEBER (BOOK REVIEW). This paper reviews LaFeber’s book which discusses America’s global dominance and the role of Michael Jordan (as a product endorser) in bringing this about. Argues that LaFeber’s arguments are convincing, despite limitations in his methodology such as reliance on secondary sources. Keywords: sports advertising Americanization. Written 2003. 6 pages; 12 footnotes; 1 bibliographic source. 1,324 words.   $42
 
15919. ARAB IMMIGRANTS IN GREECE. This is an exploratory study, based on observations and interviews, and grounded in the immigrant assimilation theory of Ruth Johnston, that addresses the assimilation of Arab migrants in Athens, Greece. It is noted that Lebanese migrants provide the best example of economic integration in the area. 17 pages; 13 footnotes; 16 bibliographic sources.   $119
 
15911. PIZZA HUT IN BRAZIL. This paper analyzes the 1993 decision by Pizza Hut to buy stores in Brazil rather than to franchise them. Although there were flaws in the strategy that needed to be corrected, the decision was a good one in terms of increasing the company’s competitive knowledge and control. 6 pages; 19 footnotes; 5 bibliographic sources.   $42
 
15909. DOING BUSINESS IN CHINA AND INDIA. This paper discusses the advantages of investing in India and the People’s Republic of China, despite existing structural, economic, political, and social problems and barriers to investment found in both countries. 11 pages; 41 footnotes; 12 bibliographic sources.   $77
 
15908. GLOBALIZATION. This paper covers the economic and social origins of globalization, the roles of major international organizations, the potential problems of globalization, and proposed solutions to those problems. 11 pages; 34 footnotes; 5 bibliographic sources.   $77
 
15886. THOMAS JEFFERSON AND THE EMBARGO OF 1807. Using primary sources, this paper discusses the embargo that President Jefferson imposed in response to British and French interference with the right to conduct free oceanic trade. Argues that Jefferson erred in judgment because the embargo had more of a negative impact on US merchants than on the European nations. Written 2002. 18 pages; 19 footnotes; 8 bibliographic sources. 4,670 words.   $126
 
15830. "LATITUDES AND ATTITUDES" BY THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN AND "THE CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS" BY SAMUEL P. HUNTINGTON (BOOK REVIEW). This paper compares and contrasts the views of these two authors on the nature of the international system. Friedman emphasizes globalization and the threat of certain groups and individuals being isolated from the global system. Huntington emphasizes the idea that conflicts are likely to arise as a result of differing cultural values. 6 pages; 22 footnotes; 2 bibliographic sources.   $42
 
15769. DOING BUSINESS IN COLOMBIA: A COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS. This paper presents a country analysis of Colombia from the perspective of a U.S.-based company considering the establishment of a new foreign branch in Colombia. The analysis includes an overview of Colombia's history, culture, political structure, economic structure, and current political, economic, and social conditions and their likely impact on doing business in Colombia. KEYWORDS: colombia market country risk foreign investment colombian economy business environment. Written 2001. 14 pages, 56 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources. 5,087 words.   $98
 
15702. GENERAL MOTORS OF MEXICO: STRATEGY. This paper provides an overview and analysis of General Motors Corp.'s (GM) strategy and operations in Mexico. Following a brief history of GM in Mexico, the analysis profiles the auto giant's current operations and strategy in Mexico, including labor, financial and distribution issues, and plans for expansion. The analysis considers both the opportunities and obstacles GM confronts in Mexico. The concluding section assesses GM's Mexican strategy to-date and makes recommendations for the future. 12 pages, 36 footnotes, 25 bibliographic sources.   $84
 
15690. CHINA AND INDIA FACE THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION. Focusing on the past seven years (1993-2001), this paper compares and contrasts China's and India's main economic strengths and weaknesses, progress in economic reform, and problems and challenges of globalization each country faces in their drive to become modern, high performing members of the global economy. Compares the two countries in the context of the history of their economic reform programs, motivation for embarking on reform, ideology of reform, structure of reform, and overall results of reform. Concludes that China has thus far been more successful at reform and at integrating with the global economy, but cautions that China still faces the most difficult phase of its reform. KEYWORDS: China India economic reform globalization chinese indian economy global integration. 17 pages, 41 footnotes, 30 bibliographic sources.   $119
 
15688. RUSSIAN TEXTILES/APPAREL INDUSTRY AND TRADE IN THE POST-SOVIET ERA. Using a case analysis of the textile and woven apparel industry, this paper examines changes and trends in the Russian trade structure following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the onset of Russia's political and economic transition. The paper begins with a brief historical overview of the post-Soviet Russian economic transition, a discussion of the impact of the transition on Russia's trade structure, and a profile of current economic and trade conditions. The analysis then turns to a close focus on the Russian textiles and woven apparel industry and the trade in textiles/apparel. A concluding section examines the prognosis for the future development of the Russian textiles/apparel industry and makes predictions for future trends in textile trade patterns. 12 pages, 49 footnotes, 36 bibliographic sources.   $84
 
15675. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA. This paper presents a brief overview and analysis of economic growth and development in India over the past four decades. Encompassing an overview of India's political/economic history and a summary of current economic conditions, the analysis considers the sources of growth, the resources for growth, the process of economic growth and structural change as it has occurred in India, and the relationship between human capital and economic development in India. The extent to which economic models - specifically the Harrod-Domar and Lewis's dual sector model of development ("trickle down") explain the pattern found in India is considered. A concluding section considers India's prospects for future growth. 19 pages, 31 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.   $133
 
15671. GLOBALIZATION & OUTSOURCING BACK OFFICE SERVICES. This paper provides an overview and analysis of offshore outsourcing of back office services, looking in particular at the offshore outsourcing practices of U.S. firms. The analysis begins with a brief overview of the offshore outsourcing of services in the context of globalization, considering the extent to which offshore outsourcing is a natural progression of globalization and the internationalization of the firm and providing a brief overview of the evolution of outsourcing. The scope and current profile of back office outsourcing, current trends, and the advantages and disadvantages of offshore outsourcing are examined. The concluding section summarizes the findings and speculates on the future of offshore outsourcing of back office functions. KEYWORDS: outsourcing globalization offshore labor white collar workers office offshore location. 24 pages, 59 footnotes, 38 bibliographic sources. 7,306 words.   $133
 
15670. CROSS CULTURAL HRM: EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT IN THE U.S., MEXICO AND JAPAN. This paper looks at implementing one particular category of HRM practice and policy (employee empowerment) across three different national cultures: American, Japanese, and Mexican. The analysis examines how the American conception of empowerment as an HRM practice for competitive advantage "translates" across two other national cultures (Japanese, Mexican) and work environments. The analysis begins with a brief outline of measures of cultural differences used in this assessment and an identification of how each country fits along each dimension. Following this, empowerment is defined within its American conceptualization and practice. The next two sections examine empowerment in the context of Japanese and Mexican work settings. KEYWORDS: employee motivation empowerment employees culture motivation japanese mexican american workers. 12 pages, 24 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources. 2,981 words.   $84
 
15669. MEXICO'S MAQUILADORAS. Following an overview of the institutional framework, history, current status (money and people involved, regions involved), and trends in Mexico's maquiladora sector, the analysis considers the major criticisms leveled against the maquiladoras and their impact on Mexico, its workers, and its citizens, looking closely at charges that the maquiladoras exploit Mexican workers, jeopardize worker health and safety, and create environmental and public health problems. The concluding section provides a response to the critique, pointing out the benefits of maquiladoras and arguing that many of the problems are the result of inept governance in Mexico. The Mexican government is called on to take a more aggressive stance in establishing environmental, health and safety regulations, and in establishing a livable minimum wage. KEYWORDS: nafta mexico us trade fdi outsourcing mexican labor maquiladora border industries. APA Style. 18 pages, 34 footnotes, 22 bibliographic sources. 3,884 words.   $126
 
15668. IMMIGRATION, GLOBALIZATION, AND THE CITY: THE CASE OF BUENOS AIRES. This paper explores and compares the impact of the two major waves of immigration (the first European, the second Latin American) on the city of Buenos Aires, looking at the forces underpinning each movement, the characteristics of the two immigrant waves, the role played by each group in the local economy and society, and the overall impact of each wave on the status of Buenos Aires as a world city and perhaps, evolving global city. In looking at the impact of the more recent wave of immigration, the analysis will focus closely on the relation between the second-wave type of immigration and the concept of the global city as articulated by Sassen (1991) and others. KEYWORDS: immigration urbanization buenos aires north south migration global cities globalization. 29 pages, 59 footnotes, 32 bibliographic sources. 7,545 words.   $133
 
15666. LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: WESTERN EUROPE VS. NORTH AMERICA. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the factors contributing to the historic differences between Western Europe (both as independent nations and as the European Union) and North America (the U.S. and Canada) in the involvement of local government in economic development. The analysis begins with an overview of locally-based economic development and regional policy in the two regions. Following this, the analysis considers some of the specific factors which have contributed to the differences in these two regions' approach to local economic development, considering in particular structural issues (e.g., political-legal structure, population, urban structure, etc.), regional policy objectives, and differences in labor mobility. It will be argued that the European-North American differences in local economic development programs and general approach to regional policy have both been unintentionally shaped by forces related to geography, demography, structure of government and the weight of history, and have been deliberately shaped by each region's formal or defacto regional policy objectives. KEYWORDS: local economic development regional economics local economies governments. 13 pages, 27 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources. 4,763 words.   $91
 
15665. REGIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT IN EUROPE & UK. In terms of finding a solution to the problem of regional unemployment, one school of thought holds that, "The basic cause of local or regional concentrations of unemployment must be a lack of sufficient jobs, and the answer is thus essentially to create more jobs." This essay critically analyzes and discusses that assertion with respect to the situation in the UK and throughout Europe. The paper argues that while the assertion is over-simplified and lacking in specificity critical to solving the problem of regional unemployment disparity, it is rooted in truth. The underlying veracity of the statement is made evident through an examination of the specific causes of regional unemployment and by looking at the results of various efforts to reduce regional unemployment disparities. The essay argues that solutions to the problem will require job-creating strategies specifically targeted to the locality and the category of effected workers, particularly the most vulnerable manual laborers and less skilled female workers. KEYWORDS: european unemployment regional employment uk unemployed regional disparities employment. 12 pages, 35 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources. 3,243 words.   $84
 
15661. THE ARGENTINE ECONOMIC CRISIS AND DOLLARIZATION. This paper provide